Data una sequenza di 625 numeri interi senza segno a 32 bit (ovvero nell'intervallo [0, 2**32)), viene emesso quale dei seguenti generatori di numeri pseudocasuali ha generato la sequenza:

In particolare, le implementazioni C di questi tre generatori utilizzate per questa sfida sono le seguenti:

#include <stdint.h>

/* all code adapted from the sample implementations on the following Wikipedia pages:
     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_congruential_generator
     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xorshift
     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersenne_Twister
*/

uint32_t lcg_seed;
uint32_t xor_x, xor_y, xor_z, xor_w;

void lcg_srand(uint32_t seed) {
    lcg_seed = seed;
}

uint32_t lcg(void) {
    lcg_seed = ((uint64_t) lcg_seed * 1103515245 + 12345) & ( (uint64_t) 0xFFFFFFFF  );
    return (uint32_t) lcg_seed;
}

void xorshift128_srand(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t z, uint32_t w) {
    xor_x = x;
    xor_y = y;
    xor_z = z;
    xor_w = w;
}

uint32_t xorshift128(void) {
    uint32_t t = xor_x;
    t ^= t << 11;
    t ^= t >> 8;
    xor_x = xor_y; xor_y = xor_z; xor_z = xor_w;
    xor_w ^= xor_w >> 19;
    xor_w ^= t;
    return xor_w;
}

enum {
    // Assumes W = 32 (omitting this)
    N = 624,
    M = 397,
    R = 31,
    A = 0x9908B0DF,

    F = 1812433253,

    U = 11,
    // Assumes D = 0xFFFFFFFF (omitting this)

    S = 7,
    B = 0x9D2C5680,

    T = 15,
    C = 0xEFC60000,

    L = 18,

    MASK_LOWER = (1ull << R) - 1,
    MASK_UPPER = (1ull << R)
};

static uint32_t  mt[N];
static uint16_t  index;

// Re-init with a given seed
void mt_Initialize(const uint32_t seed) {
    uint32_t  i;

    mt[0] = seed;

    for ( i = 1; i < N; i++ ) {
        mt[i] = (F * (mt[i - 1] ^ (mt[i - 1] >> 30)) + i);
    }

    index = N;
}

static void mt_Twist() {
    uint32_t  i, x, xA;

    for ( i = 0; i < N; i++ ) {
        x = (mt[i] & MASK_UPPER) + (mt[(i + 1) % N] & MASK_LOWER);

        xA = x >> 1;

        if ( x & 0x1 )
            xA ^= A;

        mt[i] = mt[(i + M) % N] ^ xA;
    }

    index = 0;
}

// Obtain a 32-bit random number
uint32_t mt_ExtractU32() {
    uint32_t  y;
    int       i = index;

    if ( index >= N ) {
        mt_Twist();
        i = index;
    }

    y = mt[i];
    index = i + 1;

    y ^= (mt[i] >> U);
    y ^= (y << S) & B;
    y ^= (y << T) & C;
    y ^= (y >> L);

    return y;
}

Regole

L'input e l'output possono essere in qualsiasi formato non ambiguo e coerente. Se non sei sicuro che un formato sia consentito, sentiti libero di chiedere.
Tutti gli ingressi sono garantiti per corrispondere esattamente all'output di un PRNG (non ci sarà mai un caso in cui una sequenza di input corrisponde a nessuno o più di un output di un PRNG).

Casi test

A causa dei limiti di lunghezza post, sono inclusi solo 3 casi di test. Un elenco più ampio di casi di test è disponibile qui . Si noti che i valori sono forniti in esadecimali.

[CEE63876, DE7E2E77, 54EC3AE4, 92DEBB4D, D0756602, EE9D3B13, 04A42150, 0FE8BF49, 2BD7E04E, BB96756F, B9B2027C, B5750705, 9DD5B35A, E23EF98B, D15ACA68, C1C40E81, 35ABAB26, 2DA1A367, 36462514, 3CA211BD, E79753B2, A49B0F03, B3EA7E80, 64630CB9, BC22F8FE, D535985F, 14B902AC, EE9EBB75, A831A70A, 79C55B7B, F7099D98, 98AC99F1, D9CB29D6, 53C43457, 04C6FB44, 43DFE42D, 05A80D62, D86DBEF3, F9DA87B0, 99839629, 017D9DAE, 0B1B574F, A5586EDC, F2966BE5, B709E6BA, A160196B, D16B9CC8, FF46E161, 3BDFB486, 4CE4E147, BE01BD74, 6A2F329D, 99F29312, C7044AE3, 9A373CE0, 73515B99, 94E2CE5E, FA26B23F, 2883470C, 3ED31855, 7809726A, 64DE335B, 79A3C7F8, 5379E4D1, B9444B36, 92C2AA37, 6A496BA4, 84E6FD0D, FC81E4C2, 470DB2D3, 4F839E10, 45935D09, C40D8B0E, B4F6A92F, FDEC8B3C, 1C8BC0C5, D99B4A1A, E1CEA94B, 17951F28, BAECA441, 3C13EDE6, 0CDC8F27, 4CB105D4, ED1E437D, 1E210272, B8F8F6C3, FB02AB40, 63D09A79, 4178D3BE, B3EA3C1F, 58073B6C, 10B76535, BAEA6DCA, 37807B3B, 11E2A258, 93061FB1, EB299C96, 00719017, 130B8C04, EFAC05ED, 385AEC22, F6F516B3, D4B76470, 915013E9, D45FA86E, C5206B0F, 6C06579C, 4C0D05A5, 9BE1DD7A, 7702A92B, 3DEF5188, E0ED5721, DA205746, 0080AD07, 05EBFE34, 3D27445D, 7D7AA1D2, 44F112A3, 9B64C9A0, 7118C959, 08BD091E, FC7835FF, A1DCDFCC, 1B03A215, 4D2C992A, 9324331B, 0FDE2CB8, C1894A91, B9531DF6, DDC8E5F7, 38A55C64, 59E6FECD, C88B2382, 409BEA93, C48DDAD0, F5F1BAC9, DF4BF5CE, A3909CEF, C43DD3FC, 55D23A85, A035A0DA, 5074190B, CA9233E8, D980FA01, 85DCF0A6, 96C93AE7, B94AA694, 0E02353D, 4D577132, D1649E83, AC759800, D261E839, 7D876E7E, 29C89FDF, 309C342C, D06FCEF5, 1727F48A, 35415AFB, AFAE6718, C53B6571, 3998CF56, 47C0ABD7, C0AEDCC4, D54FE7AD, 486A8AE2, 187A2E73, C61F0130, E8B051A9, DDAA732E, 143F3ECF, 072B005C, CA935F65, 94EE943A, 799AF8EB, 2F95C648, 88DF8CE1, 7B21BA06, 1AAE38C7, E264FEF4, 4F67161D, AF0F7092, 60CB9A63, CB4D1660, BAE3F719, 7EB003DE, EDD379BF, 5ADD388C, 5FB3EBD5, 0D347FEA, F74FF2DB, 196B5178, 00547051, 4DD2B0B6, 3750E1B7, 3CC00D24, AF9EC08D, DF512242, 0F07E253, EC82D790, DAC3D889, 1453208E, 372450AF, 6165DCBC, F7087445, 3464B79A, 19EF48CB, CB1208A8, 4F410FC1, C1C6B366, B327A6A7, A8D30754, 2D0DE6FD, 4FFA9FF2, 919E0643, 010344C0, 59D6F5F9, 370EC93E, 5690C39F, A337ECEC, B387F8B5, 2FAA3B4A, CEC7FABB, 612CEBD8, 510C6B31, A3D8C216, 81718797, EA70ED84, 728B896D, 4096E9A2, 50BD0633, B6D15DF0, 39644F69, 141DFDEE, 8837D28F, 2B86691C, E3E97925, 44F00AFA, 74E908AB, E71EFB08, 08DD82A1, 2DA3DCC6, 632D8487, E02CBFB4, 0EAEA7DD, 6970FF52, 9E53E223, C2B02320, DA72E4D9, 1D7BBE9E, CDF87D7F, B844514C, 72A3F595, 8AE126AA, CD21729B, 870B3638, 119B5611, B5830376, D71A9D77, B3597DE4, E3CE424D, AB93E102, A6119A13, 10229450, 6DC9B649, B9E30B4E, DF71C46F, EA24A57C, 55EE6E05, 98E88E5A, EA00388B, B9D49D68, 0DECE581, 5E913626, 09B7D267, 080A2814, 980158BD, C0CA8EB2, 5D652E03, F16BB180, 63EFC3B9, F4CEE3FE, 1A02A75F, 749A65AC, FFBFE275, 3731420A, 1FD45A7B, 771E3098, 183930F1, C8A974D6, C5442357, 2D11BE44, 051EEB2D, EBA00862, 737D9DF3, 4F8E7AB0, DD2C0D29, 2E7A48AE, 70CA264F, 4DD891DC, CDCF52E5, 0EA641BA, F4ACD86B, 654AEFC8, 32A73861, C066BF86, 61BE9047, 4C034074, A8BDF99D, A75F4E12, 4149E9E3, DA4DEFE0, 19859299, CBE0395E, 5CA7413F, DED22A0C, 7993BF55, 58F28D6A, 1058B25B, 097DDAF8, B71DFBD1, EF241636, B4E61937, 9931AEA4, 1435840D, 58135FC2, B97911D3, 382D1110, E8C35409, E6BBB60E, CC38F82F, 333A2E3C, 884427C5, 9081251A, 2C66E84B, F799F228, C7447B41, 8AFC78E6, 0239BE27, 83B008D4, 5C9C8A7D, FA873D72, 587A15C3, 366EDE40, 1A6C5179, FD87BEBE, 13DE4B1F, 29839E6C, BAD78C35, 207D08CA, 04267A3B, 02423558, BC81B6B1, 06CAE796, EAF87F17, E5514F04, 8ACA0CED, D445E722, 147BF5B3, F9165770, EDC78AE9, A37F536E, DDB63A0F, A2E17A9C, 7E04ECA5, 14D1387A, 44A6682B, 6AD9A488, 97FCAE21, C22A6246, 5E215C07, 32A88134, 0B550B5D, 239A5CD2, 4D6DB1A3, 2AE67CA0, 81DC0059, 309D741E, 199FC4FF, B346C2CC, 5A434915, CA28B42A, 7CB5B21B, 11833FB8, 729C6191, B975E8F6, 887354F7, AB089F64, 1E9485CD, CF8F9E82, BCFE4993, 2D624DD0, 4570B1C9, 719D20CE, ED39EBEF, D16676FC, 63C9A185, 9DEE7BDA, 0CE3580B, A52206E8, ED07D101, 35C87BA6, C46D69E7, 8884A994, 489F7C3D, 17F0AC32, 669CBD83, 48CCCB00, 670C9F39, 57F9597E, A3E3AEDF, 06B3972C, AA8EF5F5, 9E4D8F8A, 177E59FB, D358FA18, 9FA5FC71, 7CFD1A56, 8A4E9AD7, 2FEF9FC4, C14CEEAD, 454885E2, 87780D73, DC28F430, 44F6C8A9, A9ED1E2E, 9EBC0DCF, 1F61235C, AA4A4665, 3A30EF3A, 7095B7EB, 788B1948, 8A9DE3E1, 81AEC506, 6015E7C7, 60DC81F4, E433DD1D, 58E22B92, 867F3963, 8D39C960, DD362E19, B2736EDE, 44A208BF, DA621B8C, BA7292D5, F1439AEA, 8DF871DB, CFDB6478, 85D68751, 93387BB6, C98250B7, 659E5024, A0AB478D, BCC89D42, E4614153, 78824A90, 3D91CF89, F1474B8E, F2349FAF, 19697FBC, 7E3EDB45, 03F0929A, 773587CB, A32CDBA8, B0F6E6C1, 0DB53E66, 3812D5A7, 43480A54, E9CA2DFD, F3C6DAF2, 2B8D2543, 614577C0, F390ACF9, CAE3B43E, E9D2D29F, 10EA4FEC, 54A61FB5, 2362D64A, B59BF9BB, 7B227ED8, E3660231, 0A000D16, FB067697, E9ACB084, 2667906D, 4967E4A2, E031E533, E18650F0, 7C79C669, 3883A8EE, 439BA18F, 78178C1C, C85F6025, 218565FA, 443AC7AB, CF1F4E08, 1C4AD9A1, 0DB3E7C6, 2F5C3387, 635F42B4, A11A6EDD, 81F6BA52, 703E8123, 9A07D620, B5541BD9, 7822299E, DD6E0C7F, B8E4344C, FFE19C95, A10341AA, 7FE0F19B, 35464938, F28C6D11, BB2BCE76, AFD30C77, 05B2C0E4, F839C94D, 8A7E5C02, 2361F913, 624D0750, 4AE6AD49, BC7A364E, 4AE9136F, 2003487C, 2D63D505, C547695A, 171D778B, 927A7068, 04D1BC81, 8182C126, 04EA0167, A0BA2B14, 8DDC9FBD, 28C9C9B2, 0B0B4D03, 7898E480, 29B87AB9, DD06CEFE, C56BB65F, 0CE7C8AC, FEDD0975, E27CDD0A, FA3F597B, 4A5EC398, 6981C7F1, 4C93BFD6, 54E01257, AF488144, F7D9F22D, AB640362, F2697CF3, B1EE6DB0, EE108429, 0602F3AE, 1C14F54F, 21C4B4DC, 0E0439E5, 2D8E9CBA, 4B55976B, 6F5642C8, 1EC38F61, 34F9CA86, 53B43F47, 86F0C374, 6FC8C09D, 99980912, 4E6B88E3, AA10A2E0, 53F5C999, 6869A45E, A3C3D03F, 738D0D0C, 50506655, 6C27A86A, 4E2F315B, F283EDF8, 7A7E12D1, 300FE136, 33258837, 8805F1A4, 43000B0D, 6370DAC2, 2DC070D3, F3828410, A72F4B09, E9F5E10E, 2717472F, B9F3D13C, 86F88EC5, A4B3001A, 585B274B, D3CAC528, 9A585241, BFF103E6, 92B2ED27, 4D9B0BD4, 4296D17D, 11B97872, 28D734C3, 47871140, 33440879, D522A9BE, D66E5A1F, 7F6C016C, AEF3B335, CE5BA3CA, C128793B, 51CDC858, D3B94DB1, A3783296, 6F9B6E17, DD831204, 336413ED, F5FCE222, 51DED4B3, B6214A70, B37B01E9, 892AFE6E, 37E8090F, 51289D9C, 70F8D3A5, 810C937A, D1A6272B, 19EFF788, 23C80521, 86406D46] -> LCG
[7D17504D, 9FED269B, 939C3D03, C8FCFA6C, 0FAE4E06, F9816896, 8B872680, A4878206, D92436EE, 2B133084, 9912A040, 011D96D6, F976435D, 4B53DBE7, 474F626D, AA09E774, E12E35C3, 347746E2, 0817160B, EDC0623A, 7DD0D26C, F31ECB62, 43093C44, AD3657AD, 568EB3D5, 53CE27BD, 592FDA9C, 46BB652B, 65886632, 475956F1, 60859FBC, FD8A3CBA, DB156CCF, 56764782, 1A424A8F, B681CA91, C682BB9A, 222CBE9F, 2A329E67, 925F0CF2, 41D22B48, 064DBDAB, B832DAA3, D26069CB, 023890A4, 69F3D5AD, 473AFDF2, 96C5EAEF, 50BEF523, A7171C24, 3752B059, 8E79B6CE, 29C95DCF, 362092EE, 94523C0B, D7DE2789, B49A3F98, 861F7C07, 83A8BAAB, A56C2738, C06FAAF2, BDED09BC, 7B568148, BFC73CFD, 024229CD, D73760D0, 18A4E7BF, 9E021082, 8D1D4ECE, E1408E5D, DEE614D5, 50EE898B, 37E2D666, D23584A1, 3C9B628E, 181D1647, 396DA2C4, 470339C4, A06BACB8, 503439DC, 041BCA9C, 5A881EC2, A77B7747, 567040AD, 8CE52FD5, 96814E85, EA3CD25D, 3E9D929F, 9BA3891E, 07CA0989, 0B689D17, D9B3FF8F, 5EDF76DE, 090EBACD, 46C11EDE, 00C8DE0E, A504314F, D9A02FF0, 97D9EDF4, D1A769AF, 55ADB49D, 8DAACE77, D544247B, 3F44C56D, 07759744, DC7738AB, 28E4B8A2, 31927F7E, 9AF601BF, FF21C02A, F20D56C4, 50C6AE74, 7A17A62A, 8BC619D2, 13E5C518, 76357C1E, B1D4A204, 0A673565, 3797FC34, EA9FA354, FE4FF881, CDB03630, 454E05EE, 52DC8B10, D3D6FA3A, 9F9B57C6, AACF50AE, 1CFDCAEC, 789EE463, 3DFEA9D1, ED64C4E0, 1F3CD90A, 900E9B72, 58761883, 93FE94A9, 6AF3FB55, 8EC22872, 66988B29, 01A4008F, F4787ABD, 6B665DF8, C905527E, E88493A9, DF1EB196, 86CEBE10, 65BB9A15, A96E54D0, 83D6D26A, 701BC23E, C9C9951A, 12DA9027, 27AA5594, 890E696D, 0CEA5C13, CA77AE01, BF04442E, 45BB17A2, 1BEFD1C2, 6C9F7318, F1276F91, 6CBC7010, 09B8DD84, 9E286818, 54B9C7AB, DB0A01DC, 1491B3C4, C92471E6, 533A73F6, D8B59CAC, 41231BED, AB62F96E, 2B478A37, 5F63230F, 06C6A77D, BAD38742, ADD2B41D, EBEF81F3, D8212EBC, FEEE4B6D, C6A47AF1, 51D39BCF, 80560B87, 0C6F8DC3, E9F90D4D, 2439FE5E, 1403C36D, 647255BB, 45C0AF1D, AEE062F5, A4F2C4EF, 52DB8247, 12237746, BF79483D, 8D9E3681, 03D954CF, 0A498AB5, 7F041361, 0352083E, CAE45BB7, 8CBE7C7C, D37EE991, 40FE1838, A82FCA73, D70D1E96, F31B5787, 4394AE04, 953E8857, 2A78CDC8, 03F6006F, E5F46A9B, 84E93A42, 6813B19A, DB55318F, 9DB338CC, 50453A12, A52FCEE1, D7844A82, D3F57DE6, AA195820, 719AD344, 84BF57AF, FCDD1093, 9C658F70, 3BC26F4B, 45BE45B3, 51F39C1F, E15D875E, C9CD1409, 7EE9435E, B3373BF8, BE5D3DB7, 1F911B29, 2B565836, 21B44E5F, 76537F5B, E18C6AEB, 78820904, FBC776FD, 16836779, 94DA8C70, FC787DC6, 3CC88C2A, 317D9C65, 71842F36, 4E2DFA8D, 36FC86BE, EBBFAAB0, BB12D56E, 9ACAA913, 48D10582, 5E2DCC02, 73B9DB0C, BCF46659, 7CC99950, 4CB40717, F168D436, EEB1A2EC, DE82A573, 32E28D0B, 859C2605, E6595298, 2D3BDA1D, 0B978064, 6F5F231D, 43BE71FC, B0A6A0A4, 07858274, 91540E52, 21D5BC15, A4F39B0B, 8F4E3BC3, BE5992E6, 32E0A42C, 0AF34AB8, F49DF806, 86218AD1, B1D79FFD, 21E1A5F5, 3AA73407, B05A4680, BD7F0F01, 919DDB56, 9299C26E, F095F8FB, B5D7E6EF, CAEFDC68, 9639FDE9, C9349DF5, C3DEFAA2, 7766722D, 2EE91F9D, 435FF480, 77601DA3, 33D3FE78, 55A01A68, E9E71FA8, 9E1D8A32, 329187B7, 67B7A8D7, B67CE1D6, C442A131, 7A502A31, A07BC4BC, F158F334, 20C28F07, DB38288C, A5184973, 93EFCFB7, A761D07A, BD07F052, DA336550, 374C9BD6, 9E077F45, 1C0089B7, 5D587682, 0E99C4D4, ABC16F15, B39406EB, 2DE69A7D, ED994471, 4D802710, 5E30D315, 471C9FDC, 6081E182, 2C75F225, F40524C5, 5744A7E6, 38A6D17D, BBC1E896, 663FD027, 14363091, 1A152653, AE24F8DF, 3602BBD4, 9315B73D, 20813CB2, A9EADA7D, 8A15088F, B487EAAF, 9DCA3421, 620C2CD7, 407F0169, CB26495B, 07810722, 04E8F991, BC24C42C, 45B12E62, 4A0689E1, 0961D541, 93FE75E5, 5FF09BC6, 21C75858, 260B4AFC, 463A4285, 9DCFCF2F, 86D14156, FAF1A7DA, 6E4BFC6B, 8D1EF03A, 81C9CB3E, F67163AA, C7E871AB, BD0DD64C, 72526AE8, 0F433B3B, 8BA27651, 58CE6EDF, B92A4A04, AFA624F9, 372EDFA2, 1CBDF70E, F72CE4F7, 69339707, 28A1864C, DB5701D1, 4BCC4D10, BEB260C1, 9A0502BD, F93FC1A5, D0B2B75F, FD2B71E0, 4F899412, 48BC46AF, 0DF108A8, ABF3DC87, A8D9E4EF, 02FA4665, 87CBBADA, B2E95940, D5702D6E, 056990CB, DFAEE7D6, 2775863A, 733AC4E7, 3A9CED83, 92A42D51, 196B2D69, BCD3CF5F, 61FEDDB3, D283BA78, 92C3C524, B0484914, 27CC09EB, E8532710, 643535DB, 96C7D0A0, D10310C2, A019C655, 6D4FA460, C5A53BB9, 0CE9A6CF, 62ACE269, 72D026F8, 9E44A3E8, DFDAB131, DA60BF09, 2974A55B, 9294187E, 98CD6024, 478A1CC3, CB583714, F93D91E9, 0A0202AA, 1D796B2D, 17931F01, 023476C3, 1839337D, CECF1354, 412B769B, E0089213, 317BF7B4, 8798177C, 9D1D36BA, 3921B700, D70921C7, 906DEFAD, E4B1B3FC, D01C81DD, 4E858500, B16A1BFA, D82D7078, EC0B10C9, 8EC425CD, 6F904A24, DC8D591E, 68B4971E, C7F13D88, 2ADD8E38, 9C2E67D4, 50EE1F28, 1EBD75C0, D8D79461, 37285868, 171F16FA, E2F972AC, 86E9860E, F37765A3, 1C3015F1, 357568C9, FF66419F, B77479AD, 2B776D2F, B5DA7BA8, 787DBE35, 6CD01986, FC5E1F26, 9A3F3C3E, 0F26B55A, E3D68111, EF7D1562, 8CC01A7F, B676E2D8, E1FF230E, E62EEC56, 6AB1010E, 6BD04EA2, 732FF785, E2F2E9EA, 00A93DCB, E9E5C622, E57A9744, 90B28FB8, D9BCBF00, 1EAFA6C3, 2F5ED2E5, 2B9557F9, 17EDA934, 74178CB4, AD07B129, 2CAC11EF, 5672B947, 9EC8ED11, 0ED68918, 42B9C244, 81C2F3D5, 58BB2699, E29FFADF, 6EB8AF2A, F872A573, 797CDB0A, 64289FF8, CF42ADA8, A276D00E, 3D4DEBC1, 1DBA64CF, C74FA53D, D3ADEB7A, 81EC012D, 4FBE91C3, F562B344, 492860A9, A82CE5C8, 13A74987, F3BF2024, F9983BD2, 3655838C, 1F971FB0, 1523A266, 2D5D4DBB, B78EE27F, 104301A1, 187BA15D, DF8C077C, 1FD19BE8, 1797DFBA, D223E55C, 6D2BAF83, FEB67715, 57750D76, 9AB10BC1, AAD6F8A3, E7953C33, 1874830A, 0A896CC6, 17879ED4, 59BD4CB3, E56DF85D, A4C3576A, 8F990C18, 3CF2118C, B6D7A95F, 0811C0E8, 4FAFF43E, E37DF236, E8EB2257, 6E7BA922, 5E45AED7, 52A50B6B, E3ED62F2, 506CF514, 232CDAD8, 59A87385, D1DA70B0, E629FBCA, A39607CD, B9B87C61, BBE5C416, 12BB8F0B, 01004AFE, 7B2165CB, EE71DBCD, 207CD2DF, 23283B94, 53570D07, 33981B13, F5B4DD95, 9722AC2C, 7CF6B4FA, 8F4578F4, DC4E44FC, 5E8FD095, 9717EEDA, 3331A614, 9DF66D2A, BDDD0D79, 95944526, 2B2B5086, 059AF7F4, 507984FB, 67F346A7, 162D85BF, C4DAF5D9, 5818EFE5, A5235C3F, DF593559, CC3E6756, 53C6DEF3, ECBBB210, FA5EA123, C5656DE9, A03102F0, 912B0FD4, 9E73F36B, 7097CF69, 58996509, 91059461, 90ECC581, 5ECEBC72, CDEC2B8F, 70F708CF, 86C10B9D, ADC71A1B, 01DBEC7F, C9A22DFB, 47B14AB1, D233979E, 0C5521B3, D4401837, 196924CC, 57A8CF18, F25524E7, 26001B3A, 761F1472, 67DEC5A6, 3CF7A7A6, 1A08B2C9, 943A897E, 05589DAA, 8413C030, DBD2B481, 9BE3A7FC, 5A97CCE7, 409F95C5, 0EA757EB, 88FDCD84] -> Xorshift
[4BB6DADF, 8EEF8EA3, 06E8FD49, 88A2AF49, E3269CD4, ECA4F09A, 3ADC8EFB, AA4DD059, AC3B1AAE, DA22C244, B67C2EC6, DFD9C12F, B4A6DBAF, 354C372C, 2C6CA407, 0AC93693, 725C7716, B439DF25, 7C04626F, 67824F17, 21EE364D, 77D8D72F, 4BF90371, 7BC3C716, 472A4204, B842AEFE, 38270462, 3B17B189, 22760085, 2A801D85, 8DE334B5, A72580F7, F187AA9B, 2E04DC0C, 8A701C0D, 471B61E6, 98F859D9, 9EBC2F45, 02544E96, C2785B15, 20623FAB, 8001F9B4, 0E438545, CFA2A2A5, 9DA35720, BAA84901, 908758C8, FCF5557F, F905B3B4, BE7DEBCD, FED08B1E, 7E9472CB, AC3A29C1, 5BED194F, B6932F25, 1C95E32D, 67E94371, D7CCB4CE, DF296D87, 6AAEF0F6, 8CFFF867, 093F9F79, FB280F6C, DE7735A8, 684C17B5, A0DA757E, 374EC162, 1764A62D, 82C244F6, 9E4583C7, 56F02388, 0018E400, 815A0F1E, FD80C932, 30EDD175, D37AF8D8, 7C8E4633, 7D8E4E5D, 660A7F79, 4C2C08BD, B6656A5B, CCFD6607, B0AA17FA, 060EE305, DEE9752F, B38BE439, F04EB964, D4E6C330, DCD4F7AB, DF7D83BF, 309047C6, 51FFC819, 9E59C7D6, 46821973, 01B47792, F800809B, 6050BB64, C13CB495, A305F788, 7AD27279, B7F9151F, 9F154C4F, D3F688F1, FF830866, A9C059A3, FFBF160E, EA8D827A, 1F1DA6E8, FDC52EFC, 5325CE11, 765B86EB, A852DC5C, 74ADAF62, 45BFACA5, 8E1FF6C3, 83ADCF0A, 91D6626E, 316008CC, 0DAD4110, C28EA37D, 5F077B03, AF70C5E3, 13A7C50C, 0A737B9D, E236FCBB, DDADB0C5, F4CAA3C8, 73679470, 87AE2E8E, EAA6ADA4, F30CCA79, 2B2FED65, 9B55A25D, 7317A6DB, D505929C, 0F90C693, 5CED397C, C1CB0AB9, C81895F1, 828D68BF, C2D0D855, 70585D86, 1ACD41B1, D8227B76, 1CB6DD69, B71EF185, 3EB11656, 6674378A, BA543682, 895A464E, B9E6CC48, FDAB6657, AB815F3B, A717AF55, 5826ABAB, 7CAF7DA1, 33EB26C0, 9367A48F, 32334888, 6BD35F76, 21F56A13, B7E72B51, 2B110FC2, A7A6ED6F, 1B2E72D1, 855EC1F3, A320F92E, 05609603, 5AA26082, 937BB417, F7A082EF, 370690A8, 074B4C00, EFB2EF14, A449B9F8, 9AA7E8A8, 3AEC4108, E5DDDB2A, C2CC4D30, 8589EB3D, 030ED83E, 4230E9B3, 619B03C0, E2B2BB64, 839A7C40, 2527B162, D03987D6, F8D66424, B950968F, F41E4D21, 9BAEEC89, DB8C65CD, D19F0371, 42507672, F133D6DC, 8FF10301, 6267E094, 339A1D5D, 3DD9DDE3, 139AA839, 440F8A94, 5E10CEAF, 60A1BA78, 02576968, 9AE7D81E, B9BF647E, F1698EC1, 5EC4890B, 88CF1A87, 9F3442AD, 4ED7DB9A, 08BD20C4, DA4B2F8E, 7EE018A9, 41968817, 519BE32C, 26CC3EFD, 1C3CBCBB, 551FC090, D06676D9, 02BF4E3F, 5B331917, AA121020, 840B84DD, 1C04DB26, 42DC049A, 58E92781, 95DA8984, CEDFF185, 149A43E5, 9B4CAAE7, 9E61CFFC, C33F9485, 2ABFE975, 75F8E915, 167D7A60, 1086ABF9, FE0B87DC, 095EFA20, 79FC720C, 99DB743E, 8F4B2F19, 00A9188A, B5DE7C2D, DAF3734B, CCAD1F47, 0C9DB549, 0158D55C, BCD5F151, 72A210D9, ABB80C09, 99934B39, F92DF281, A35193BD, C3CB4E8B, 322DBEE4, 26E2E30D, 36F25EDD, F1C8C5DC, 44B5C836, 878075ED, 1140849C, DEBA2848, 6B8D4AD7, 0209883A, AEFFDC8B, F7862944, F2CAE4AB, 77A1EB21, C77D6350, 4749AA23, 1ECDFD3C, 55D6943C, FC9B102A, 80363E80, C28E5369, 7E4BDC16, 8DDD321E, 46E4B844, 71169596, 6EC788CA, 508E25D4, A3249379, C5493848, 67ECFFDB, F6B03518, D4FE2A7D, D6C8D739, 7A93EC17, 84E2A797, 08CB6F22, D09D5BFF, 7FF783FD, 749A4AA7, 9EE69739, 01BB87ED, CDB15087, 32FE625F, 3C8E72C6, 2386A26E, 0F243847, F9E50890, D10F1EC5, 6E1C032D, CE27B59B, 84F2447B, 62AFD23B, 2361B77C, 1532E2F5, BC65F691, D8106771, BC9F8553, 94B67790, CE7F4B32, E36DAA85, D42336C1, 414ABF42, F5D5E7FA, B17620A4, D42A5D6C, E1118425, 17C4B3F2, EBDCB06E, 1F8F7F65, 0AD89423, 32848E5D, 0A5028D0, 463B71B1, E896017F, C1DA750C, DB89FC54, AF665A17, 11F5A446, 45F2DD58, 9C66340A, F4DB1D19, 87AFFD89, 75CA495D, DE608110, 78EC9F5C, 7840FE7C, 6F4DA231, 1CF2E830, CD521794, CE4F5EBA, 79B79437, 5A91D18E, 95F1D139, D9CA1102, E3822EB3, F7C52D20, F917AEEE, 5EDCD7BF, 4BD3725C, 94EE3441, 713CF5DF, 937E1AA9, 08926562, 084E8DD4, 41100547, 1C706FF6, 2ED60298, 0D2E30BA, 82FECB1F, 831BCCE8, 0CB829DB, 0C522998, E0AD92F6, F8969EA4, 386650CD, CA41F763, 7BB34065, D79B9F81, 967FBB17, 7C2F61B2, 7B4E9B33, 8359EDDA, 3201D25E, 5F41BAA6, D94A1FD8, 6E29F112, EDB7885C, C4F4380D, DAD428C7, 40609A88, 66DF9A6C, D61B84E4, C4C77436, D6F4B201, 1C0AD2D4, 3A69D216, 1DD70F43, C887E79C, 8579D94E, F2D069EA, 17B4926F, 55BE153C, A783F442, C03D53D2, 5ED56627, C114DB61, 9B0BFD2C, 825DDE34, 97523F35, EE476E00, EB2ED50C, 567BB078, 9B70520D, DC96668B, FCFD7253, 0197E3F8, 7785825E, 0B00322C, B510F809, 51FB92EE, B6F7D331, 2DE0AC32, 00B41A7B, A432B1FE, 94ED9578, 4B56F086, F8BEADE1, 8C899DF2, EAB17808, 240BF736, 7CBA75E0, E06E352C, 3BBD94E5, 427CB86A, 31CB345E, C1226EE3, F9F4697B, 8820CBB6, C3F9BB4C, 509D403F, 03990E8E, 6C5CCD8B, 24F235C0, C5FC6E59, 05E627C9, 4B0C0C96, 45A35E8E, BBF14335, 89B957A1, 3E272204, EC501927, 00ADCBC3, 13DC9199, A682B338, BE42D97C, F97E0F28, 8C1A6128, 76ED6951, D7D8B74F, 80A6C9D2, 87111413, 48268EB5, 69DDA6F7, 8900B2E1, DBF809E0, D50D7B42, 9716581E, A7AE9B6E, 52366624, 85BAF9A3, DE28F70A, 890E37EC, 7F82541D, 9BA2C144, 8766E737, EA8B0E73, 6BC46E1A, 04A2D3E8, F01716BB, 3D0F7338, 93282BAA, 3A9E51C0, 7B26AFBD, FA2B6A90, 36DD5832, 18161A71, FDE783A2, FF84185B, C251868E, 957CA33D, 6D2BD402, F7E61B15, BAAD0068, 8413463A, 63F0F132, 55FBBC6A, 58E3298D, 845AA664, 02D242A7, A456CEED, 2C198D04, 89A25422, 3A4CABFB, 9D24D792, DFBB850F, 76E30332, 58B59723, 1B1A6913, 9FB961E8, B363CA07, 9CC01B66, 00E9E1DF, 9AF48078, F67167D2, 5D8EBE54, F0819D2D, A003D04B, BD20E32A, 7647BD73, DE509593, E381BF67, BB5D56E0, 675636A1, 983C7C47, C7D92CF8, 335F0477, A6EE6787, F2A67D0E, 29D7F83A, 3DA85C1F, 8E31E016, 5FBEB7EA, 01F017A9, 021B93ED, 8E2AE731, 3391B82D, 6AFEC318, C1E9610D, B50DE358, 46E16C1F, D7A03E8A, 74E52044, 4797BCBC, 49FC24BC, 119F71CB, 51ADB9AC, 1F7A8641, 373911A6, 79424584, 2D69A297, 32859E0B, FF812B02, 2060307E, 6AD9173E, AFCB84DA, 4F5B70D0, 34A63D93, 6DBD6388, BBD76CFA, 94EE5483, 20214C3F, E45B9B77, 8B3192D9, 109D8CE6, 8EBA320B, 53FA8CE2, 56A4A45A, 61AB8FDB, 3ABFD0EB, F92E5F91, 3CBA25FE, C2E19318, 2E5DC1D6, 751C25DB, 572BBA47, DF53AB19, 407F623F, EB9E4EE6, C98E9BFD, DA77A48F, 79D4B4D2, E4320563, 2C1C4BA4, CDCCD4A9, 5B74662F, 3B74B8C1, B1792883, 88D53BDA, FDFAB951, D2D3F844, 199D47E1, 7500E432, B0C714BD, EC5CCDCB, EC949808, 9B39D67F, 15D138B8, 17FE54A4, AD28C768, FE473BF7, AE29CB10, C987A478, EE50D094, 10ED5447, E2BF7CCF, BDD93708, D57E6C1B, 01079D4B, 6C6C547F, 363A37F3, 6D4D828A, EE1622DE, AF1D8240, B068E4C1, 9C5901F8, 17822119, 3C7837B0, DEFFD993, 28FA9C3A, EAADDC4E, 05705400, 0046CB17, E843346D, 2F33C418, AF1A47BD, E4C12B9E, BC3F9B15, 01E90C74, DE0C8A00, 5D52587A] -> MT

— Mego
fonte

Un'ottima domanda!

Gelatina , 23 byte

^Ḋṫ4^^æ«11$æ»31ż&2\ḂS<4

Accetta una matrice di numeri interi; restituisce [0, 1] per LCG , [1, 0] per Xorshift e [0, 0] per MT .

Provalo online! (Il permalink potrebbe essere troppo lungo per alcuni browser.)

sfondo

La cosa più casuale del LCG è che è considerato un PRNG. Per i principianti, i bit k inferiori dello stato non sono influenzati dai bit da 32 k superiori , rendendolo una scelta eccezionalmente scadente per la maggior parte delle applicazioni. In particolare, l'LSB di uno stato aggiornato è interessato solo dall'LSB di quello precedente e poiché 1103515245 e 12345 sono entrambi dispari, i numeri generati seguiranno un modello pari-dispari-pari-dispari.

I difetti di Xorshift sono più sottili, ma i bit generati seguono ancora semplici equazioni lineari. Dato cinque parole generate consecutive w _k , w _{k + 1} , w _{k + 2} , w _{k + 3} , w _{k + 4} , l'equazione (non lineare)
w _{k + 4} = w _{k + 3} ⊕ w _{k + 3} > > 19 ⊕ w _k ⊕ w _k ≪ 11 ⊕ (w _k ⊕ w _k ≪ 11) ≫ 8 vale per definizione. Se enumeriamo i bit delle parole ( 0 è il più basso, 31 è il più alto), possiamo osservare che l'equazione (lineare) w _{k, 20}⊕ w _{k, 31} ⊕w _{k + 3,31} ⊕ w _{k + 4,31} = 0 hold . Per verificarlo, è sufficiente osservare che le parole che sono state spostate a destra non possono influenzare w _{k + 4,31} , il bit più significativo di w _{k + 4} .

Questo lascia il Mersenne Twister. Sebbene esistano PRNG migliori (più veloci, meno distorti o entrambi), identificare i dati generati da MT19937 è molto più complicato di quanto non fosse con LCG e Xorshift. Fortunatamente, non è necessario. Se i dati non si adattano a nessuno dei due modelli precedenti, sono stati generati da Mersenne Twister.

Come funziona

^Ḋṫ4^^æ«11$æ»31ż&2\ḂS<4  Main link. Argument: A (array of integers)

 Ḋ                       Dequeue; drop the first integer.
^                        XOR the k-th element of A with the k-th element of the
                         previous result, effectively computing the XOR of all
                         neighboring integers in A.
  ṫ4                     Tail; drop the first three elements of the result.
    ^                    XOR the remaining integers with the corr. integers in A.
      æ«11$              Yield the integers in A, shifted 11 times to the left.
     ^                   XOR the results to both sides.
           æ»31          Shift all results 31 times to the right.
                &2\      Yield A, pairwise reduced by bitwise AND.
               ż         Zip the results to both sides.
                   Ḃ     Bit; compute their parities.
                    S    Sum; add the parities of the results left and right to ż.
                     <4  Compare the sums with 4.
                         This is necessary since A and the various modifications
                         with dropped elements have different lengths, which
                         introduces a few garbage values.

— Dennis
fonte

^Ḋṫ4^^Perché vedo troppe ripetizioni qui? Sento odore di qualcosa, ma non sono sicuro che esista un modo più breve di XOR [...] XOR XOR.

— Erik the Outgolfer,

Per curiosità, quale sarebbe la soluzione se dovessi identificare le sequenze MT19337 (forse se l'input non fosse richiesto per essere generato da uno dei tre PRNG)?

— Mego

@Mego Molto più complicato. Potrei effettivamente dover implementare MT19937.

— Dennis,

Sarei interessato a vedere una soluzione del genere, se sei interessato a scriverla. Quando stavo scrivendo la sfida, ho considerato che l'input potrebbe non corrispondere a nessuno dei tre PRNG (che richiederebbe la convalida contro tutti e tre, piuttosto che solo due). Tuttavia, ho deciso di non includere questa possibilità poiché temevo che la sfida sarebbe stata troppo difficile.