Perché il mio programma continua a bloccarsi durante l'esecuzione del programma mandelbrot brainf ***?

9

Volevo migliorare le mie abilità in C, quindi cerco alcune idee del programma.

Qualcuno propone di creare un semplice interprete Brainf *** e quindi un compilatore. Quindi eccomi qui.

Ho creato l'interprete e funziona come previsto, tranne che con il programma Mandelbrot:

A mandelbrot set fractal viewer in brainfuck written by Erik Bosman
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Non capisco perché, ma il mio programma continua a rimanere bloccato in una sorta di ciclo infinito. Provo a eseguire il debug usando gdb ma è difficile trovare il punto di interruzione giusto per capire perché si è bloccato.

Il programma è il seguente:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Brainfuck instructions
//  > Math stuff
#define INCR '+' // +1 on current MS
#define DECR '-' // -1 on current MS
//  > Memory slot stuff
#define FORW '>' // Go to next MS
#define BACK '<' // Go to previous MS
//  > Logic stuff
#define SJMP '[' // Loop till current MS value is equal to zero
#define EJMP ']' // Jump to the beginning of the loop
//  > I/O stuff
#define PRTC '.' // Print character with MS value as ASCII code
#define GETC ',' // Get an user input ASCII character code

typedef unsigned char byte;

// The brainfuck program struct
typedef struct {
      byte *values;
      int size;
      int index;

      byte *loops_starts;
      int loop_size;
      int loop_index;

} BrainfuckProgram;

void initialize(BrainfuckProgram *bfp) {
      bfp->values = malloc(bfp->size * sizeof(*bfp->values));
      bfp->loops_starts = malloc(bfp->size * sizeof(*bfp->loops_starts));
}

int allocate_values(BrainfuckProgram *bfp) {
      byte *newMem = realloc(bfp->values, bfp->size * sizeof(byte));

      if (!newMem) {
            return 1;
      }
      bfp->values = newMem;

      return 0;
}

int allocate_new_loop(BrainfuckProgram *bfp) {
      byte *newMem = realloc(bfp->loops_starts, bfp->loop_size * sizeof(byte));

      if (!newMem) {
            return 1;
      }
      bfp->loops_starts = newMem;

      return 0;
}

void set_value(BrainfuckProgram *bfp, byte value) {
      int tempValue = value < 0 ? 255: value % 256;
      *(bfp->values + bfp->index) = tempValue;
}

int get_value(BrainfuckProgram *bfp) {
      return *(bfp->values + bfp->index);
}

// FILE functions
int get_file_name(int argc, char *argv[], char** fname) {
     if (argc == 1) {
           printf("File name is missing\n");
           return 1;
     }

     *fname = argv[1];
     return 0;
}

int get_file_size(FILE *file) {
    fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END);
    int size = ftell(file);
    rewind(file);
    return size;
}

// Main function
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
      // Vector part
      BrainfuckProgram bfp = {
            .values = NULL,
            .size = 1,
            .index = 0,

            .loops_starts = NULL,
            .loop_index = 0,
            .loop_size = 0

      };


      initialize(&bfp);

      // FILE Part
    char* fname = NULL;
      int error = get_file_name(argc, argv, &fname);
      if (error) {
            goto exit;
      }

    // Create file variable
    FILE *fin = NULL;
    fin = fopen(fname, "r");

    int size = get_file_size(fin);

    // Create a char array of the right size
    byte *prog = NULL;
    prog = malloc(size * sizeof(*prog));
      // Read 1 byte size times
    fread(prog, 1, size, fin);

    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            byte current =  *(prog+i);
        switch (current) {
            case INCR:
                        set_value(&bfp, get_value(&bfp) + 1);
                break;

            case DECR:
                        set_value(&bfp, get_value(&bfp) - 1);
                break;

            case FORW:
                        // if index+1 == size then we are at the
                        // last element of the vector cause
                        // size = index - 1
                        if (bfp.index+1 == bfp.size) {
                              bfp.size++;

                              int error = allocate_values(&bfp);
                              if (error) {
                                    printf("an error occured while forwarding pointer");
                                    goto close;
                              }
                        }
                        bfp.index++;

                break;

            case BACK:
                        // bfp.index == 0 then !bfp.index == true
                        if (!bfp.index) {
                             printf("can go back from index 0\n");
                             goto close;
                        }
                        bfp.index--;

                break;

            case SJMP:
                        if (bfp.loop_index == bfp.size) {
                              bfp.loop_size++;

                              int error = allocate_new_loop(&bfp);
                              if (error) {
                                    printf("an error occured while forwarding pointer");
                                    goto close;
                              }

                        }
                        bfp.loop_index++;
                        *(bfp.loops_starts + bfp.loop_index) = i;

                break;

            case EJMP:
                        if (bfp.loop_index == -1) {
                              printf("cannot go back");
                              goto close;
                        }

                        if (get_value(&bfp) != 0) {
                              i = *(bfp.loops_starts + bfp.loop_index);

                        } else {
                              bfp.loop_index--;

                        }

                break;

            case PRTC:
                        printf("%c", get_value(&bfp));

                break;

            case GETC:
                        ; // Semicolon here because of the label error
                        byte buf;
                        scanf("%c", &buf);
                        set_value(&bfp, buf);

                break;

        }
    }

      close:
            fclose(fin);

      exit:
            ;

    return 0;
}

Mi piacerebbe avere qualche consiglio in C su ciò che ho fatto di sbagliato.

c  interpreter  mandelbrot  brainfuck 
— Thomas Teixeira
fonte
1
Penso che il programma sia abbastanza piccolo da postarlo nella tua domanda, piuttosto che un link ad esso.
— KamilCuk,
1
Scorri il tuo codice in un debugger; e / o pesce con punti di interruzione mentre è in esecuzione e apparentemente nel ciclo infinito
— MM
2
Ho votato per aver usato il linguaggio idioma corretto invece di ripetere il nome del tipo 3 volte come la maggior parte della gente sembra fare
— MM
3
puoi spiegare perché scrivi value < 0 ? 255: value % 256 quando valueè un carattere non firmato?
— MM
2
Mandelbrot è costoso dal punto di vista computazionale, un interprete non è l'ideale. "Rimanere bloccato" è indistinguibile da "non ancora fatto" quando non si ha idea di quanto tempo dovrebbe durare il programma. Lasciatelo correre tutta la notte, dormite sulle idee per scrivere un compilatore BF.
— Hans Passant,

Risposte:

4

Il programma Mandelbrot impiega un tempo decente per funzionare su un buon interprete. Tuo, beh, non è così bello. Ecco perché "si blocca" all'inizio.

Alcune buone idee che hai avuto, per quanto riguarda le prestazioni:

  • anelli precalcolanti

Alcune cattive idee, dal punto di vista delle prestazioni:

  • Utilizzo delle funzioni di allocazione astratte invece di chiamare realloc
  • usando scanfe printfinvece di getchareputchar

Alcune cose strane che hai fatto:

  • Troncare manualmente un unsigned charquando avvolgente è implicito
  • controllando se an unsigned charè inferiore a 0
  • usando la *(x + y)sintassi invece dell'indicizzazione dell'arrayx[y]
  • Non penso che tu effettivamente usi quei loop precalcolati, se lo fai probabilmente non correttamente
  • Probabilmente si crea anche un nuovo ciclo precalcolato ogni volta che si ripassa il ciclo
  • Utilizzo delle funzioni get_valuee set_valueanziché dei puntatori (questo sarà un problema di prestazioni se non si compila con ottimizzazioni)

Un paio di suggerimenti:

  • Cerca di evitare di chiamare le funzioni quando non è necessario il più possibile.
  • Scrivi un compilatore BrainFuck-> C usando questo riferimento .

A pensarci bene, forse dovresti provare a eseguire il debug di questo programma .

Puoi anche usare il mio interprete come riferimento se stai bene con GPLv3. Si noti che non precalcola i loop.

— SS Anne
fonte
Cercherò di attuare tutti i consigli che mi hai dato, grazie! Anche se ho una domanda, cosa intendi con ciclo precalcolato?
— Thomas Teixeira,
1
@ThomasTeixeira allocate_new_loope loop_index?
— SS Anne,
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