Implementazione di base, senza proprietà personalizzate
SerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties.cs:
namespace SerializableExceptions
{
using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
[Serializable]
// Important: This attribute is NOT inherited from Exception, and MUST be specified
// otherwise serialization will fail with a SerializationException stating that
// "Type X in Assembly Y is not marked as serializable."
public class SerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties : Exception
{
public SerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties()
{
}
public SerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties(string message)
: base(message)
{
}
public SerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties(string message, Exception innerException)
: base(message, innerException)
{
}
// Without this constructor, deserialization will fail
protected SerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
: base(info, context)
{
}
}
}
Implementazione completa, con proprietà personalizzate
Implementazione completa di un'eccezione serializzabile personalizzata ( MySerializableException
) e sealed
un'eccezione derivata ( MyDerivedSerializableException
).
I punti principali di questa implementazione sono riassunti qui:
- È necessario decorare ogni classe derivata con l'
[Serializable]
attributo - Questo attributo non è ereditato dalla classe base e, se non è specificato, la serializzazione fallirà SerializationException
affermando che "Tipo X nell'assemblaggio Y non è contrassegnato come serializzabile".
- È necessario implementare la serializzazione personalizzata . L'
[Serializable]
attributo da solo non è sufficiente: Exception
implementa il ISerializable
che significa che anche le tue classi derivate devono implementare la serializzazione personalizzata. Ciò comporta due passaggi:
- Fornire un costruttore di serializzazione . Questo costruttore dovrebbe essere
private
se la tua classe lo è sealed
, altrimenti dovrebbe essere protected
per consentire l'accesso alle classi derivate.
- Sostituisci GetObjectData () e assicurati di chiamare fino
base.GetObjectData(info, context)
alla fine, per consentire alla classe base di salvare il proprio stato.
SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties.cs:
namespace SerializableExceptions
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Security.Permissions;
[Serializable]
// Important: This attribute is NOT inherited from Exception, and MUST be specified
// otherwise serialization will fail with a SerializationException stating that
// "Type X in Assembly Y is not marked as serializable."
public class SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties : Exception
{
private readonly string resourceName;
private readonly IList<string> validationErrors;
public SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties()
{
}
public SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties(string message)
: base(message)
{
}
public SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties(string message, Exception innerException)
: base(message, innerException)
{
}
public SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties(string message, string resourceName, IList<string> validationErrors)
: base(message)
{
this.resourceName = resourceName;
this.validationErrors = validationErrors;
}
public SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties(string message, string resourceName, IList<string> validationErrors, Exception innerException)
: base(message, innerException)
{
this.resourceName = resourceName;
this.validationErrors = validationErrors;
}
[SecurityPermissionAttribute(SecurityAction.Demand, SerializationFormatter = true)]
// Constructor should be protected for unsealed classes, private for sealed classes.
// (The Serializer invokes this constructor through reflection, so it can be private)
protected SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
: base(info, context)
{
this.resourceName = info.GetString("ResourceName");
this.validationErrors = (IList<string>)info.GetValue("ValidationErrors", typeof(IList<string>));
}
public string ResourceName
{
get { return this.resourceName; }
}
public IList<string> ValidationErrors
{
get { return this.validationErrors; }
}
[SecurityPermissionAttribute(SecurityAction.Demand, SerializationFormatter = true)]
public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
{
if (info == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("info");
}
info.AddValue("ResourceName", this.ResourceName);
// Note: if "List<T>" isn't serializable you may need to work out another
// method of adding your list, this is just for show...
info.AddValue("ValidationErrors", this.ValidationErrors, typeof(IList<string>));
// MUST call through to the base class to let it save its own state
base.GetObjectData(info, context);
}
}
}
DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperties.cs:
namespace SerializableExceptions
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Security.Permissions;
[Serializable]
public sealed class DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty : SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties
{
private readonly string username;
public DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty()
{
}
public DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty(string message)
: base(message)
{
}
public DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty(string message, Exception innerException)
: base(message, innerException)
{
}
public DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty(string message, string username, string resourceName, IList<string> validationErrors)
: base(message, resourceName, validationErrors)
{
this.username = username;
}
public DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty(string message, string username, string resourceName, IList<string> validationErrors, Exception innerException)
: base(message, resourceName, validationErrors, innerException)
{
this.username = username;
}
[SecurityPermissionAttribute(SecurityAction.Demand, SerializationFormatter = true)]
// Serialization constructor is private, as this class is sealed
private DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
: base(info, context)
{
this.username = info.GetString("Username");
}
public string Username
{
get { return this.username; }
}
public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
{
if (info == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("info");
}
info.AddValue("Username", this.username);
base.GetObjectData(info, context);
}
}
}
Test unitari
MSTest unit test per i tre tipi di eccezione definiti sopra.
UnitTests.cs:
namespace SerializableExceptions
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
[TestClass]
public class UnitTests
{
private const string Message = "The widget has unavoidably blooped out.";
private const string ResourceName = "Resource-A";
private const string ValidationError1 = "You forgot to set the whizz bang flag.";
private const string ValidationError2 = "Wally cannot operate in zero gravity.";
private readonly List<string> validationErrors = new List<string>();
private const string Username = "Barry";
public UnitTests()
{
validationErrors.Add(ValidationError1);
validationErrors.Add(ValidationError2);
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestSerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties()
{
Exception ex =
new SerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties(
"Message", new Exception("Inner exception."));
// Save the full ToString() value, including the exception message and stack trace.
string exceptionToString = ex.ToString();
// Round-trip the exception: Serialize and de-serialize with a BinaryFormatter
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
// "Save" object state
bf.Serialize(ms, ex);
// Re-use the same stream for de-serialization
ms.Seek(0, 0);
// Replace the original exception with de-serialized one
ex = (SerializableExceptionWithoutCustomProperties)bf.Deserialize(ms);
}
// Double-check that the exception message and stack trace (owned by the base Exception) are preserved
Assert.AreEqual(exceptionToString, ex.ToString(), "ex.ToString()");
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestSerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties()
{
SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties ex =
new SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties(Message, ResourceName, validationErrors);
// Sanity check: Make sure custom properties are set before serialization
Assert.AreEqual(Message, ex.Message, "Message");
Assert.AreEqual(ResourceName, ex.ResourceName, "ex.ResourceName");
Assert.AreEqual(2, ex.ValidationErrors.Count, "ex.ValidationErrors.Count");
Assert.AreEqual(ValidationError1, ex.ValidationErrors[0], "ex.ValidationErrors[0]");
Assert.AreEqual(ValidationError2, ex.ValidationErrors[1], "ex.ValidationErrors[1]");
// Save the full ToString() value, including the exception message and stack trace.
string exceptionToString = ex.ToString();
// Round-trip the exception: Serialize and de-serialize with a BinaryFormatter
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
// "Save" object state
bf.Serialize(ms, ex);
// Re-use the same stream for de-serialization
ms.Seek(0, 0);
// Replace the original exception with de-serialized one
ex = (SerializableExceptionWithCustomProperties)bf.Deserialize(ms);
}
// Make sure custom properties are preserved after serialization
Assert.AreEqual(Message, ex.Message, "Message");
Assert.AreEqual(ResourceName, ex.ResourceName, "ex.ResourceName");
Assert.AreEqual(2, ex.ValidationErrors.Count, "ex.ValidationErrors.Count");
Assert.AreEqual(ValidationError1, ex.ValidationErrors[0], "ex.ValidationErrors[0]");
Assert.AreEqual(ValidationError2, ex.ValidationErrors[1], "ex.ValidationErrors[1]");
// Double-check that the exception message and stack trace (owned by the base Exception) are preserved
Assert.AreEqual(exceptionToString, ex.ToString(), "ex.ToString()");
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestDerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty()
{
DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty ex =
new DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty(Message, Username, ResourceName, validationErrors);
// Sanity check: Make sure custom properties are set before serialization
Assert.AreEqual(Message, ex.Message, "Message");
Assert.AreEqual(ResourceName, ex.ResourceName, "ex.ResourceName");
Assert.AreEqual(2, ex.ValidationErrors.Count, "ex.ValidationErrors.Count");
Assert.AreEqual(ValidationError1, ex.ValidationErrors[0], "ex.ValidationErrors[0]");
Assert.AreEqual(ValidationError2, ex.ValidationErrors[1], "ex.ValidationErrors[1]");
Assert.AreEqual(Username, ex.Username);
// Save the full ToString() value, including the exception message and stack trace.
string exceptionToString = ex.ToString();
// Round-trip the exception: Serialize and de-serialize with a BinaryFormatter
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
// "Save" object state
bf.Serialize(ms, ex);
// Re-use the same stream for de-serialization
ms.Seek(0, 0);
// Replace the original exception with de-serialized one
ex = (DerivedSerializableExceptionWithAdditionalCustomProperty)bf.Deserialize(ms);
}
// Make sure custom properties are preserved after serialization
Assert.AreEqual(Message, ex.Message, "Message");
Assert.AreEqual(ResourceName, ex.ResourceName, "ex.ResourceName");
Assert.AreEqual(2, ex.ValidationErrors.Count, "ex.ValidationErrors.Count");
Assert.AreEqual(ValidationError1, ex.ValidationErrors[0], "ex.ValidationErrors[0]");
Assert.AreEqual(ValidationError2, ex.ValidationErrors[1], "ex.ValidationErrors[1]");
Assert.AreEqual(Username, ex.Username);
// Double-check that the exception message and stack trace (owned by the base Exception) are preserved
Assert.AreEqual(exceptionToString, ex.ToString(), "ex.ToString()");
}
}
}