Sto cercando di installare bash come shell predefinita su un ARM Linux in esecuzione su un dispositivo incorporato (Synology DS212 + NAS). Ma c'è qualcosa di veramente sbagliato, e non riesco a capire di cosa si tratti.
Sintomi:
1) Il root ha / bin / bash come shell predefinita e può accedere normalmente tramite SSH:
$ grep root /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
$ ssh root@NAS
root@NAS's password:
Last login: Sun Dec 16 14:06:56 2012 from desktop
#
2) joeuser ha / bin / bash come shell predefinita e riceve "Autorizzazione negata" quando tenta di accedere tramite SSH:
$ grep joeuser /etc/passwd
joeuser:x:1029:100:Joe User:/home/joeuser:/bin/bash
$ ssh joeuser@localhost
joeuser@NAS's password:
Last login: Sun Dec 16 14:07:22 2012 from desktop
Permission denied, please try again.
Connection to localhost closed.
3) cambiando la shell di joeuser in / bin / sh:
$ grep joeuser /etc/passwd
joeuser:x:1029:100:Joe User:/home/joeuser:/bin/sh
$ ssh joeuser@localhost
Last login: Sun Dec 16 15:50:52 2012 from localhost
$
Per rendere le cose ancora più strane, posso accedere come joeuser /bin/bash
usando la console seriale (!). Anche a su - joeuser
come root funziona bene, quindi il binario bash stesso funziona bene.
In un atto di disperazione, ho cambiato l'uid di joeuser in 0 su / etc / passwd, ma anche non ha funzionato, quindi non sembra essere qualcosa legato al permesso.
Sembra che bash stia facendo qualche controllo extra che sshd non ha gradito, e sta bloccando le connessioni per utenti non root. Forse una sorta di controllo della sanità mentale - o emulazione terminale - che sta innescando SIGCHLD, ma solo quando viene chiamato via ssh.
Ho già esaminato ogni singolo elemento su sshd_config e ho anche messo SSHD in modalità debug, ma non ho trovato nulla di strano. Ecco il mio /etc/ssh/sshd_config
:
LogLevel DEBUG
LoginGraceTime 2m
PermitRootLogin yes
RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
UsePAM yes
AllowTcpForwarding no
ChrootDirectory none
Subsystem sftp internal-sftp -f DAEMON -u 000
Ed ecco l'output di /usr/syno/sbin/sshd -d
, che mostra il tentativo fallito di joeuser che tenta di accedere, con / bin / bash come shell:
debug1: Config token is loglevel
debug1: Config token is logingracetime
debug1: Config token is permitrootlogin
debug1: Config token is rsaauthentication
debug1: Config token is pubkeyauthentication
debug1: Config token is authorizedkeysfile
debug1: Config token is challengeresponseauthentication
debug1: Config token is usepam
debug1: Config token is allowtcpforwarding
debug1: Config token is chrootdirectory
debug1: Config token is subsystem
debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380
debug1: sshd version OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11
debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA
debug1: private host key: #0 type 1 RSA
debug1: read PEM private key done: type DSA
debug1: private host key: #1 type 2 DSA
debug1: read PEM private key done: type ECDSA
debug1: private host key: #2 type 3 ECDSA
debug1: rexec_argv[0]='/usr/syno/sbin/sshd'
debug1: rexec_argv[1]='-d'
Set /proc/self/oom_adj from 0 to -17
debug1: Bind to port 22 on ::.
debug1: Server TCP RWIN socket size: 87380
debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380
Server listening on :: port 22.
debug1: Bind to port 22 on 0.0.0.0.
debug1: Server TCP RWIN socket size: 87380
debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380
Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
debug1: Server will not fork when running in debugging mode.
debug1: rexec start in 6 out 6 newsock 6 pipe -1 sock 9
debug1: inetd sockets after dupping: 4, 4
Connection from 127.0.0.1 port 52212
debug1: HPN Disabled: 0, HPN Buffer Size: 87380
debug1: Client protocol version 2.0; client software version OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11
SSH: Server;Ltype: Version;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Protocol: 2.0;Client: OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11
debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 pat OpenSSH*
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11
debug1: permanently_set_uid: 1024/100
debug1: MYFLAG IS 1
debug1: list_hostkey_types: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: AUTH STATE IS 0
debug1: REQUESTED ENC.NAME is 'aes128-ctr'
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
SSH: Server;Ltype: Kex;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Enc: aes128-ctr;MAC: hmac-md5;Comp: none
debug1: REQUESTED ENC.NAME is 'aes128-ctr'
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: KEX done
debug1: userauth-request for user joeuser service ssh-connection method none
SSH: Server;Ltype: Authname;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Name: joeuser
debug1: attempt 0 failures 0
debug1: Config token is loglevel
debug1: Config token is logingracetime
debug1: Config token is permitrootlogin
debug1: Config token is rsaauthentication
debug1: Config token is pubkeyauthentication
debug1: Config token is authorizedkeysfile
debug1: Config token is challengeresponseauthentication
debug1: Config token is usepam
debug1: Config token is allowtcpforwarding
debug1: Config token is chrootdirectory
debug1: Config token is subsystem
debug1: PAM: initializing for "joeuser"
debug1: PAM: setting PAM_RHOST to "localhost"
debug1: PAM: setting PAM_TTY to "ssh"
debug1: userauth-request for user joeuser service ssh-connection method password
debug1: attempt 1 failures 0
debug1: do_pam_account: called
Accepted password for joeuser from 127.0.0.1 port 52212 ssh2
debug1: monitor_child_preauth: joeuser has been authenticated by privileged process
debug1: PAM: establishing credentials
User child is on pid 9129
debug1: Entering interactive session for SSH2.
debug1: server_init_dispatch_20
debug1: server_input_channel_open: ctype session rchan 0 win 65536 max 16384
debug1: input_session_request
debug1: channel 0: new [server-session]
debug1: session_new: session 0
debug1: session_open: channel 0
debug1: session_open: session 0: link with channel 0
debug1: server_input_channel_open: confirm session
debug1: server_input_global_request: rtype no-more-sessions@openssh.com want_reply 0
debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request pty-req reply 1
debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0
debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req pty-req
debug1: Allocating pty.
debug1: session_new: session 0
debug1: session_pty_req: session 0 alloc /dev/pts/1
debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request shell reply 1
debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0
debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req shell
debug1: Setting controlling tty using TIOCSCTTY.
debug1: Received SIGCHLD.
debug1: session_by_pid: pid 9130
debug1: session_exit_message: session 0 channel 0 pid 9130
debug1: session_exit_message: release channel 0
debug1: session_by_tty: session 0 tty /dev/pts/1
debug1: session_pty_cleanup: session 0 release /dev/pts/1
Received disconnect from 127.0.0.1: 11: disconnected by user
debug1: do_cleanup
debug1: do_cleanup
debug1: PAM: cleanup
debug1: PAM: closing session
debug1: PAM: deleting credentials
Qui hai l' output completo di sshd -dd, insieme a ssh -vv .
bash:
# bash --version
GNU bash, version 3.2.49(1)-release (arm-none-linux-gnueabi)
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Il binario bash è stato compilato in modo incrociato dalla fonte. Ho anche provato a usare un binario precompilato dalla distribuzione Optware , ma ho avuto lo stesso identico problema. Ho controllato le librerie condivise mancanti usando objdump -x
, ma sono tutte lì.
Qualche idea su cosa potrebbe causare questa " Autorizzazione negata, per favore riprova. "? Sto quasi per immergermi nel codice sorgente di Bash per indagare, ma sto cercando di evitare ore inseguendo qualcosa che potrebbe essere sciocco.
EDIT: aggiunta di ulteriori informazioni su bash e sul sistema
$ ls -la /bin/bash
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 724676 Dec 15 23:57 /bin/bash
$ file /bin/bash
/bin/bash: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.14, stripped
$ uname -a
Linux NAS 2.6.32.12 #2661 Mon Nov 12 23:10:15 CST 2012 armv5tel GNU/Linux synology_88f6282_212+
$ grep bash /etc/shells
/bin/bash
/bin/bash2
ls -l /bin/bash