Autorizzazione negata perché mancano le autorizzazioni di ricerca su un componente del percorso, dopo chmod e chgrp


17

[core: errore] [pid 5132] (13) Autorizzazione negata: [client 123.123.123.123:50398] AH00035: accesso / negato (percorso del filesystem '/var/www/mysite.com') perché mancano le autorizzazioni di ricerca in un componente del percorso

Di recente ho cambiato il proprietario del gruppo della wwwcartella, un gruppo chiamato adminscontenente un paio di account utente roote apache. Ho anche usato chmodper passare wwwa 774.

Da allora, ottengo Forbidden You don't have permission to access / on this server.2 dei miei domini.

/var/www/mysite.com dice proibito

/var/www/mysite2.com dice proibito

/ var / www / html funziona bene.

# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used.  If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to 
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf

#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.  
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User apache
Group apache

# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin root@localhost

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80

#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other 
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all denied
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Includes ExecCGI
</Directory>

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
<Directory "/var/www">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

# Further relax access to the default document root:
<Directory "/var/www/html">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    AllowOverride None

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    Require all granted
</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being 
# viewed by Web clients. 
#
<Files ".ht*">
    Require all denied
</Files>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    #CustomLog "logs/access_log" common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to 
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client 
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. 
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

#
# "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    AddType text/html .shtml
    AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables
# interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default.  To use the 
# default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags
# in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this
# directive:
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

<IfModule mime_magic_module>
    #
    # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
    # contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
    # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
    #
    MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it, 
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted 
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on

# Supplemental configuration
#
# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName www.mysite.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/mysite.com
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName www.mysite2.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/mysite2.com
</VirtualHost>

Risposte:


28

Alla fine ho capito una soluzione. Ho eseguito queste 2 funzioni per archiviare in modo ricorsivo la cartella e le autorizzazioni di file di www e all'interno.

find /var/www -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
find /var/www -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;

Ho letto questa pagina qui: https://wiki.apache.org/httpd/13PermissionDenied e sostanzialmente mi ha spiegato e ricordato che le autorizzazioni sono ereditate, "fai lo stesso per la directory e ogni directory padre". Quindi ho eseguito quei 2 e tutto funziona di nuovo.


14

Di solito l'autorizzazione di esecuzione per un percorso non è impostata, come in questa domanda. Il modo più semplice per risolvere questo è il seguente comando:

chmod a+rX -R /var/www

Ma usando CentOS7 o RHEL7 potresti riscontrare problemi con SELinux. Se l'autorizzazione del file è corretta e l'errore persiste, consultare il seguente registro:

tail -f /var/log/audit/audit.log

Se ricevi un messaggio come questo:

type=AVC msg=audit(1464350432.916:8222): avc:  denied  { getattr } for  pid=17526 comm="httpd" path="/var/www/app/index.html" dev="sda1" ino=42021595 scontext=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 tcontext=unconfined_u:object_r:var_t:s0 tclass=file
type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1464350432.916:8222): arch=c000003e syscall=4 success=no exit=-13 a0=7fde4e450d40 a1=7ffd05e79640 a2=7ffd05e79640 a3=7fde42e43792 items=0 ppid=17524 pid=17526 auid=4294967295 uid=48 gid=48 euid=48 suid=48 fsuid=48 egid=48 sgid=48 fsgid=48 tty=(none) ses=4294967295 comm="httpd" exe="/usr/sbin/httpd" subj=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 key=(null)

Questo significa: SELinux blocca l'accesso alla radice del documento. Puoi provare un comando come questo (ricorsivo e dettagliato sull'opzione -Rv):

chcon  --user system_u --type httpd_sys_content_t -Rv /var/www/app/public

Per trovare le giuste impostazioni, cerca in una directory di lavoro come /var/www/htmlquesta:

ls -laZ /var/www/

Dovrebbe apparire come:

drwxr-xr-x. server server system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 .
drwxr-xr-x. root   root   system_u:object_r:var_t:s0       ..
drwxr-xr-x. server server system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_script_exec_t:s0 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x. server server system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 html
drwxrwxr-x. server server unconfined_u:object_r:var_t:s0   app

Oh mio Dio. grazie mille SOOOOOO. stavo cercando di usare un filesys montato come parte del mio DocRoot di Apache e non riuscivo a capire perché non ci riusciva. QUESTO È IL MOTIVO! può smettere di sbattere la testa contro il muro
bhu Boue vidya,

2

Per le persone che potrebbero aver provato quanto sopra e che stanno ancora riscontrando problemi, assicurarsi che nessuna delle directory nel percorso abbia un ACL che impedisce l'accesso ad Apache.

Puoi usare:

getfacl <directoryname>

per ottenere le autorizzazioni sulla directory che potrebbero essere state impostate mediante ACL. Vedrai qualcosa di simile al seguente che sostanzialmente dice che l'utente ha tutte le autorizzazioni e il gruppo ha letto ed eseguito (o cercato) ma non ha scritto:

# file: <directoryname>
# owner: username
# group: username
user::rwx
user:1000:rwx
group::---
group:username:r-x
mask::rwx
other::rwx

Per dare ad apache o un gruppo l'accesso all'utilizzo di ACL, utilizzare quanto segue:

setfacl -m g:<groupname>:rx <directoryname>

assicurati solo che le directory principali abbiano lo stesso. È possibile utilizzare l'opzione -R per apportare la modifica in modo ricorsivo nella directory principale.

Mi sono imbattuto in questo stesso problema con i permessi di Apache e stavo sbattendo la testa cercando di capire perché chmod e chown non avevano effetto prima di ricordare che avevo impostato gli ACL nella directory quando usavo Samba qualche tempo fa.

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