Aggiungi e rimuovi i canali di aggiornamento in un modo semplice terminale

15

So che c'è una GUI in Ubuntu Software & Updatesper abilitare i canali di aggiornamento

aggiornamenti
proposto
backport
sicurezza

come mostrato in questo screenshot:

Sto cercando un modo semplice per farlo da un terminale usando comandi come

sudo apt-add-update enable updates
sudo apt-add-update enable proposed
sudo apt-add-update enable backports
sudo apt-add-update enable security

sudo apt-add-update disable updates
sudo apt-add-update disable proposed
sudo apt-add-update disable backports
sudo apt-add-update disable security

e un'altra cosa

sudo apt-add-update enable default

sudo apt-add-update disable default

Alcuni esempi per una migliore comprensione

Un vuoto sources.list
- cat /etc/apt/sources.list
```
<empty>
```
- sudo apt-add-update enable security
```
<empty>
```

Un repository abilitato ( main)

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main

Due o più repository abilitati in una o due righe

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe

o

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe

o

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe

Con deb-srcvoci

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe

Con deb-srcvoci inattive

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe

La defaultcosa

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe

sudo apt-add-update enable default

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe

Solo una voce e l' disableazione
- cat /etc/apt/sources.list
```
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe
```
- sudo apt-add-update disable security
```
<empty>
```

Server diversi o uguali per server diversi o diversi, rispettano ciascun server

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main

Diverse versioni di Ubuntu per diversi repository, rispettano ciascuna versione

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

sudo apt-add-update enable security

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main

PPA o altre fonti di pacchetto (non canonico) nel sources.list?

Ignorare!
Non modificare i protocolli, ad esempio https, http, tor, ...

— AB
fonte

5

Questo fa esattamente ciò che è stato chiesto;

Lo aggiornerò di volta in volta, se necessario;

La versione bleeding edge è disponibile in questo repository GitHub ;

Per installare dal repository GitHub:

Installa git:sudo apt-get install git
Clona il repository: git clone https://github.com/kos0/addRemoveDistribution.git

Sinossi:

enableDisableDistribution.pl <enable|disable> <default|security|updates|proposed|backports>

#!/usr/bin/perl

sub printUsage {
    print("Usage: enableDisableDistribution.pl \e[4maction\e[0m \e[4mdistribution\e[0m\n\n");
    print("\e[4maction\e[0m must be \e[1menable\e[0m or \e[1mdisable\e[0m\n");
    print("\e[4mdistribution\e[0m must be \e[1mdefault\e[0m, \e[1msecurity\e[0m, \e[1mupdates\e[0m, \e[1mproposed\e[0m or \e[1mbackports\e[0m");
    exit(0);
}

sub parse {
    open(my $in, "/etc/apt/sources.list") || die("Couldn't open '/etc/apt/sources.list': $!");
    while(<$in>) {
        my $matchDistribution;
        chomp;
        if(/^deb(-src)? +(.*?).ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/? +(.*?) +(.*?) *(#.*)?$/) {
            my $debSrc = $1 eq "-src";
            my $URI = $2;
            my @split = split("-", $3);
            my @components = sort(split(" ", $4));
            if(($distribution eq "default" && defined($split[1])) || ($distribution ne "default" && $split[1] ne $distribution)) {
                push(@add, "$debSrc,$URI,$split[0],@components");
            }
            else {
                $matchDistribution = 1;
            }
        }
        (! $matchDistribution && push(@notMatchDistribution, $_)) || push(@matchDistribution, $_);
    }
    close($in);
}

sub update {
    while(1) {
        print("Would you like to update the cache? Y-y/N-n: \n");
        my $update = <STDIN>;
        if($update =~ /^y$/i) {
            my $ret = system("apt-get update");
            exit($ret);
        }
        elsif($update =~ /^n$/i) {
            exit(0);
        }
        else {
            print("Please enter Y-y or N-n.\n");
        }
    }
}

sub rewrite {
    if($action eq "enable") {
        if(@matchDistribution == 0) {
            open(my $out, ">", "/etc/apt/sources.list") || die("Couldn't open '/etc/apt/sources.list': $!");
            foreach(@notMatchDistribution) {
                print $out ($_ . "\n");
            }
            foreach(@add) {
                my @x = split(",");
                my @y = split(" ", $x[3]);
                my $line = sprintf("deb%s $x[1].ubuntu.com/ubuntu $x[2]%s @y", $x[0] && sprintf("-src"), $distribution ne "default" && sprintf("-$distribution"));
                if(! grep(/^$line$/, @added)) {
                    print $out ($line . " #Added by enableDisableDistribution\n");
                    push(@added, $line);
                }
            }
            close($out);
            printf("Added %s %s.\n", scalar(@added), @added == 1 ? sprintf("entry") : sprintf("entries"));
            update;
        }
        else {
            print("$distribution is enabled already. Aborting.\n");
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    else {
        if(@matchDistribution > 0) {
            open(my $out, ">", "/etc/apt/sources.list") || die("Couldn't open '/etc/apt/sources.list': $!");
            foreach my $line (@notMatchDistribution) {
                print $out ($line . "\n");
            }
            close($out);
            printf("Removed %s %s.\n", scalar(@matchDistribution), @matchDistribution == 1 ? sprintf("entry") : sprintf("entries"));
            update;
        }
        else {
            print("$distribution is disabled already. Aborting.\n");
            exit(1);
        }
    }
}

if($> != 0) {
    print("You must be root to run enableDisableDistribution.\n");
    exit(1);
}
if(@ARGV == 2 && $ARGV[0] =~ /^(enable|disable)$/ && $ARGV[1] =~ /^(default|security|updates|proposed|backports)$/) {
    $action = $ARGV[0];
    $distribution = $ARGV[1];
}
else {
    printUsage;
}

parse;
rewrite;

exit(0);

— kos
fonte

12

Aggiornamento del 27 nov 2015 :

La seconda versione dello script mi lasciava ancora insoddisfatto della gonfiore del codice sorgente e del fatto che dovevo impiegare diversi strumenti. Quindi ho tentato di riscrivere lo script solo in AWK.

Il nuovo script utilizza AWK puro e aderisce molto meglio ai requisiti. Essenzialmente riscrive il/etc/apt/sources.list ogni volta che viene eseguito.

Dopo aver eseguito lo script, è necessario l'aggiornamento, quindi eseguire sudo apt-get update dopo la chiusura dello script.

Il file deve avere le autorizzazioni eseguibili abilitate con chmod +x add-update.awked essere salvato in una qualsiasi delle directory contenute nella $PATHvariabile. In particolare si consiglia di salvare lo script nella $HOME/bincartella (che deve anche essere aggiunta a$PATH variabile).

/etc/apt/sources.listNon è necessario un backup del file originale, ma è fortemente raccomandato. Per eseguire il backup del file, fare

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

Uso:

sudo ./add-update.awk -v ACTION=[enable|disable|help] -v SOURCE=[updates|backports|security|proposed]

Fonte su github

demo:

sergrep:$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list                                                                              
deb http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-backports main

deb-src http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-backports main
# removed

sergrep:$ sudo ./add-update.awk -v ACTION="enable" -v SOURCE="security"   
[sudo] password for xieerqi: 
/etc/apt/sources.list
<<< Script finished processing

sergrep:$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list                                                                              
deb http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security  main universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-backports main
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security  main
deb-src http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe
deb-src http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security  main universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-backports main
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security  main

CODICE SORGENTE

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
#
###########################################################
# Author: Serg Kolo
# Date: Nov 27,2015
# Purpose: A script that enables/disables 4 ubuntu sources
# (namely updates, backports, proposed, and security )
# much in a way like software-properties-gtk does
# Written for:  http://paste.ubuntu.com/13434218/
###########################################################
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software is hereby granted
# without fee, provided that  the copyright notice above and this permission statement
# appear in all copies.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
# THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
# DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

function printUsage() {
    print "Usage: sudo ./add-update.awk -v ACTION=[enable|disable|help] -v SOURCE=[updates|backports|security|proposed]";
    exit
}

function checkSourceEnabled()
{
    if ( $3 ~ SOURCE) {
        print SOURCE" is enabled; exiting"
        VAL = 1
    }
    else {
        VAL = 0
    }
    return VAL
}

function disableSource()
{
    if ( $0 ~ SOURCE ) $0="# removed";
    j++;
    newLines[j]=$0;
}

function listStuff () {
    for(k=4; k<=NF; k++) if ( $k~/#/  ) {break} else {
            COMPONENTS=COMPONENTS" "$k
        };
    gsub(/\-.*/,"",$3);
    STRING=$1" "$2" "$3APPEND" "COMPONENTS;
    COMPONENTS=""
               return STRING;
}

function replaceFile()
{
    command="mv  /tmp/sources.list "ARGV[1]
            system(command);
}

############
#  MAIN
#############
BEGIN {

# argument checking sequence
# must remain written in if-else
# structure rather than case,
# to consider users who may not be able
# to install gawk due to broken sources.list
# which is what this script should be aimed at

# actions checked first so that 
# help message can be printed 
 if ( ACTION ==  "enable" ||
      ACTION == "disable" ||
      ACTION == "default"  ) {

    print "<<< ACTION ARG OK" 
  }
  else if (ACTION == "help" ){
    printUsage()
    exit
  }


  if ( SOURCE == "update" || 
       SOURCE == "security" || 
       SOURCE == "backports" || 
       SOURCE == "proposed" ) { 
       print "<<< SOURCE ARG OK"

  }

   else if ( ACTION != "default"  || ACTION != "help" ) {  
        print "<<< E: SOURCE ARG INCORRECT"; 
        printUsage(); 
        exit 1   }

    # static filename to operate on
    ARGV[ARGC++]="/etc/apt/sources.list";

    if (ACTION == "enable" ) {
        APPEND="-"SOURCE;
    } else{
        APPEND="";
    }

} # END OF BEGIN

$0~/^deb*/ && $0!~/partner/ && $0!~/extra/ {

    if ( ACTION == "enable" ) {
        j++;
        ARRAY[j]=$0
        ENABLED=checkSourceEnabled();

        if ( ENABLED ) {
            exit 1
        }
        else {
            j++;
            ARRAY[j]=listStuff();
        }

    }
    else if ( ACTION == "disable" ){
        disableSource() ;
    }
    else if ( ACTION == "default" && SOURCE == "default" ) {
        j++;
        defaultsArray[j]=$0;
        j++;
        defaultsArray[j]=listStuff();
    }
}

END {
    print "<<< Script finished processing" ;
    if ( ACTION =="enable" && ENABLED == 0 ){
     for(i=1;i<=j;i++)
        print ARRAY[i] |  "sort -u > /tmp/sources.list ";
     replaceFile();
     }
     else if ( ACTION == "disable" ) {
       for ( i=1;i<=j;i++  ) print newLines[i] | "sort -u > /tmp/sources.list"
       replaceFile();
     }
     else if (ACTION == "default" ){
        for ( i=1;i<=j;i++  ) print defaultsArray[i] | "sort -i -u > /tmp/sources.list"
        replaceFile();
     }
}

# END OF MAIN

-

Versione precedente

Versione n. 1 su github (script bash con AWK e SED)

Versione 2 su github (anche bash script)

— Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
fonte

12

Ho analizzato la fonte di Ubuntu Software Center in cui è scritto python.

Dopo, ho scritto che il codice seguente funziona bene. aptsourcesè un modulo Python utilizzato da Ubuntu Software Center per gestire /etc/apt/sources.liste /etc/apt/sources.list.d.

#!/usr/bin/python

import aptsources.sourceslist
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
import errno

import os

def _lsb_release():
    """Call lsb_release --idrc and return a mapping."""
    result = {'Codename': 'sid', 'Distributor ID': 'Debian',
              'Description': 'Debian GNU/Linux unstable (sid)',
              'Release': 'unstable'}
    try:
        out = Popen(['lsb_release', '-idrc'], stdout=PIPE).communicate()[0]
        # Convert to unicode string, needed for Python 3.1
        out = out.decode("utf-8")
        result.update(l.split(":\t") for l in out.split("\n") if ':\t' in l)
    except OSError as exc:
        if exc.errno != errno.ENOENT:
            logging.warning('lsb_release failed, using defaults:' % exc)
    return result


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(os.sys.argv) != 3 or \
        os.sys.argv[1] not in ['enable', 'disable'] or \
        os.sys.argv[2] not in ['updates', 'security', 'proposed', 'backports', 'default']:
        print "Usage: apt-add-update <enable|disable> <default|updates|security|proposed|backports>"
        os.sys.exit(0)

    release = _lsb_release()
    codename = release['Codename']

    sourcelist = aptsources.sourceslist.SourcesList()

    template = None

    main_uri = ""
    main_comps = []
    main_types = []
    child_comps = []
    child_types = []

    for tmpl in sourcelist.matcher.templates:
        if tmpl.name == codename and tmpl.distribution == "Ubuntu":
            template = tmpl
            break

    updated = False

    for source in sourcelist.list:
        if source.invalid:
            continue
        for comp in source.comps:
            if comp not in child_comps:
                child_comps.append(comp)

        if source.template and source.template.official and source.dist == codename and source.template.name == codename:
            main_uri = source.uri

            for comp in source.comps:
                if comp not in main_comps:
                    main_comps.append(comp)

            main_types.append(source.type)
        else:
            child_types.append(source.type)

        if source.dist == codename + "-" + os.sys.argv[2]:
            if os.sys.argv[1] == 'enable' and source.type in main_types:
                source.set_enabled(True)
            if os.sys.argv[1] == 'disable':
                source.set_enabled(False)
            updated = True

        if source.dist == codename and os.sys.argv[2] == "default":
            if os.sys.argv[1] == 'enable' and source.type in child_types:
                source.set_enabled(True)
            if os.sys.argv[1] == 'disable':
                source.set_enabled(False)
            updated = True

    if not main_uri:
        main_uri = "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu"

    if os.sys.argv[2] == "default" and not main_comps:
        main_comps = child_comps

    if not main_comps:
        main_comps = ['main', 'restricted', 'universe', 'multiverse']

    if not updated and os.sys.argv[1] != 'disable':

        if os.sys.argv[2] == "default":
            uri = main_uri
            if tmpl.base_uri:
                uri = tmpl.base_uri

            tmpl = template
            line = tmpl.type + " " + uri + " " + tmpl.name + " " + " ".join(main_comps)

            sourceentry = aptsources.sourceslist.SourceEntry(line)
            sourcelist.list.append(sourceentry)


        for tmpl in template.children:
            if tmpl.name != codename + "-" + os.sys.argv[2] and \
                not (os.sys.argv[2] == "default" and tmpl.name == codename):
                continue

            if os.sys.argv[2] == "default" and tmpl.type not in child_types:
                continue

            if os.sys.argv[2] != "default" and tmpl.type not in main_types:
                continue

            uri = main_uri
            if tmpl.base_uri:
                uri = tmpl.base_uri
            if not uri:
                continue

            line = tmpl.type + " " + uri + " " + tmpl.name + " " + " ".join(main_comps)

            sourceentry = aptsources.sourceslist.SourceEntry(line)
            sourcelist.list.append(sourceentry)

    sourcelist.save()

Salvare questo codice con il nome del file, /usr/local/bin/apt-add-update. E quindi eseguire come segue.

$ sudo apt-add-update <enable|disable> <default|updates|security|proposed|backports>

Ho aggiornato per il supporto distro più , ad esempio, trustye wily.

#!/usr/bin/python

import aptsources.sourceslist
import os

subdistnames = ['updates', 'security', 'proposed', 'backports']

def get_subdistname(distname):
    rc = "default"
    try:
        rc = distname.split("-")[1]
    except:
        pass
    return rc

def get_distname(distname):
    rc = distname
    try:
        rc = distname.split("-")[0]
    except:
        pass
    return rc

def duplicate_check(entries):
    new_entries = []
    for source in entries:
        for newsource in new_entries:
            if source.type == newsource.type and source.uri == newsource.uri and source.dist == newsource.dist:
                for comp in newsource.comps:
                    if comp in source.comps:
                        source.comps.remove(comp)

        if len(source.comps) > 0:
            new_entries.append(source)
    return new_entries

if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(os.sys.argv) != 3 or \
        os.sys.argv[1] not in ['enable', 'disable'] or \
        ( os.sys.argv[2] not in subdistnames and os.sys.argv[2] != 'default' ):
        print "Usage: apt-add-update <enable|disable> <default|updates|security|proposed|backports>"
        os.sys.exit(0)

    sourcelist = aptsources.sourceslist.SourcesList()
    sourcelist.list = []
    sourcelist.load('/etc/apt/sources.list')

    main_entries = []
    child_entries = []
    other_entries = []

    distro_names = []

    for tmpl in sourcelist.matcher.templates:
        if tmpl.name.find('-') > 0 or tmpl.distribution != "Ubuntu":
            continue
        distro_names.append(tmpl.name)

    for source in sourcelist.list:
        if source.invalid or source.disabled:
            continue
        subdistname = get_subdistname(source.dist)

        if source.dist in distro_names:
            main_entries.append(source)
        elif subdistname in subdistnames:
            child_entries.append(source)
        else:
            other_entries.append(source)

    if os.sys.argv[2] in subdistnames:
        modified = True
        while modified:
            modified = False
            for source in child_entries:
                if get_subdistname(source.dist) == os.sys.argv[2]:
                    child_entries.remove(source)
                    modified = True
                    continue

        if os.sys.argv[1] == "enable":
            for source in main_entries:
                uri = source.uri
                if os.sys.argv[2] == "security":
                    uri = "http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu"
                comps = []
                for i in source.comps:
                    if i in ['main', 'restricted', 'universe', 'multiverse']:
                        comps.append(i)
                line = source.type + " " + uri + " " + source.dist + "-" + os.sys.argv[2] + " " + " ".join(comps)
                sourceentry = aptsources.sourceslist.SourceEntry(line)
                child_entries.append(sourceentry)

    else:
        main_entries = []
        if os.sys.argv[1] == "enable":
            for source in child_entries:
                uri = source.uri
                if get_subdistname(source.dist) == "security":
                    uri = "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu"
                comps = []
                for i in source.comps:
                    if i in ['main', 'restricted', 'universe', 'multiverse']:
                        comps.append(i)
                line = source.type + " " + uri + " " + get_distname(source.dist) + " " + " ".join(comps)
                sourceentry = aptsources.sourceslist.SourceEntry(line)
                main_entries.append(sourceentry)

    main_entries = duplicate_check(main_entries)
    child_entries = duplicate_check(child_entries)
    other_entries = duplicate_check(other_entries)

    sourcelist.list = []
    sourcelist.list.extend(main_entries)
    sourcelist.list.extend(child_entries)
    sourcelist.list.extend(other_entries)

    sourcelist.save()

L'URL di riferimento è https://github.com/dupingping/apt-add-update/tree/master

— xiaodongjie
fonte

7

Uso:

## testing

apt-add-update  enable|disable  default|security|updates|proposed|backports  [file]


## real

sudo  apt-add-update  enable|disable  default|security|updates|proposed|backports

Ecco i punti principali:

Ho analizzato il file perché stavo cercando alcune altre opzioni.

Verifica se esiste un mirror, incluso ufficiale (versioni precedenti, porte) o altri mirror forniti dalla community caricati dal python-aptpacchetto (contiene un file con tutti i mirror).
```
/usr/share/python-apt/templates/Ubuntu.mirrors
```
Conserva sempre l'URI ufficiale nel file. Quindi, anche con tutti i disabili, manterrà una riga commentata per un'impostazione di persistenza. Risolve le righe al minimo con il tipo di ordinamento alfabetico, url, dist, comp.
Stampa sullo stdout se ottiene un file di input come terzo argomento o nessuna autorizzazione per scrivere /etc/apt/sources.list
Non supporta mi [ options ]piace [ arch=amd64 ].
Dropped disable default che obbligo l'utente a specificare cosa disabilitare.
Non mi piace l'ultima opzione (9), perché io stesso sto mescolando di proposito i repository. Quindi dovrebbero essere trattati come repository di terze parti.

Download: con set completo di test.

https://github.com/sneetsher/au_700860_apt_channels

script:

#!/usr/bin/python3

import sys,os
import re

## official repo's 

#http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/
#http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
#http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
#http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/

repo_official_uri_re = re.compile(r"\A(http|ftp)://(([a-zA-Z]*.)?archive|security|old-releases|ports).ubuntu.com/ubuntu(-ports)?[/]?\Z")

## load other mirrors

mirrors=[]

mir_re = re.compile(r"\A(http|ftp)://")

with open("/usr/share/python-apt/templates/Ubuntu.mirrors","r") as f:
    for l in f:
        if mir_re.match(l):
            mirrors.append(l.strip())
f.close()
#print(mirrors)

## system release

with open("/etc/lsb-release","r") as f:
    for l in f:
        k,v=l.split("=")
        if k=="DISTRIB_CODENAME":
            release = v.strip()
            break

#print(release)
f.close()

## load sources.list

##TODO: missing support deb line options like [ arch=whatever ] 
emp_re  = re.compile(r"\A\s*\Z")
repo_re = re.compile(r"\A#* *deb(-src)? *(http://|ftp://|file://|cdrom:)")
com_re  = re.compile(r"\A#")
repo_details_re = re.compile(r"\A(?P<active>#*) *(?P<type>deb(-src)?) *(?P<uri>(http://|ftp://|file://|cdrom:\[[a-zA-Z0-9 \-_().]*\])?\S*) (?P<dist>[a-zA-Z\-_]*) (?P<comp>[a-zA-Z ]*\Z)")


##example
sources={
  "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/":{
    "active":True,
    "deb":{
      "wily":["universe","multiverse","restricted","main"],
      "wily-security":["main","restricted","universe","multiverse"]
      },
    "deb-src":{
      "wily":["universe","multiverse","restricted","main"]
      },
    "mirror":True    
    }
  }

sources={}

uri=""

##for testing
if len(sys.argv)>=4 and os.path.isfile(sys.argv[3]):
    ifile = sys.argv[3]
else:
    ifile = "/etc/apt/sources.list"

with open(ifile, "r") as f:
    for l in f:
        l=l.strip()

        r = emp_re.match(l)
        if r:
            continue
        else:
            #print("raw:",l)

            r = repo_re.match(l)
            if r:
                #print("repository:",l)
                r = repo_details_re.match(l)
                #print(r.groupdict())
                uri=r.group("uri")
                if uri[-1]!="/":
                    uri += "/"
                if (uri not in sources):
                    sources[uri] = {"active":False,"deb":{},"deb-src":{},"mirror":False}
                    m = repo_official_uri_re.match(uri)
                    if m or uri in mirrors:
                        sources[uri]["mirror"] = True
                    if r.group("active")=="":
                            sources[uri]["active"]=True
                    sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")]=r.group("comp").split()
                else:
                    if r.group("active")=="" and sources[uri]["active"]==False:
                        sources[uri]["active"]=True
                        sources[uri]["deb"]={}
                        sources[uri]["deb-src"]={}
                        sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")]=r.group("comp").split()
                    if (r.group("active")=="")==sources[uri]["active"]:
                        if r.group("dist") not in sources[uri][r.group("type")]:
                            sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")]=r.group("comp").split()
                        else:
                            for c in r.group("comp").split():
                                if c not in sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")]:
                                    sources[uri][r.group("type")][r.group("dist")].append(c)
            else:
                r = com_re.match(l)
                if r:
                    #print("comment",l)
                    continue
                else:
                    print("unknown",l)
    #print(sources)

f.close()

## process argumments

#fallback for default component to be copied from
comp=[release+"-security",release+"-update",release+"-proposed"]
found_other_comp=False 

if sys.argv[2]=="default" and sys.argv[1]=="enable":
    for u in sorted(sources.keys()):
        if sources[u]["mirror"]:
            if sources[u]["active"]:
                for t in ["deb","deb-src"]:
                    if release not in sources[u][t]:
                        for d in range(len(comp)):
                            if comp[d] in sources[u][t]:
                                other_comp_found=True
                                for i in range(d):
                                    sources[u][t][comp[i]]=sources[u][t][comp[d]]
                                sources[u][t][release]=sources[u][t][comp[d]]

                        ###don't activate any thing if commented like an empty file.
                        #if not found_other_comp and t=="deb":
                        #   sources[u][t][release]=["main"]
            #else:
            #   sources[u]["active"]=True
            #   sources[u]["deb"]={release:["main"]}
            #   sources[u]["deb-src"]={}

    ## carry on enable security
    sys.argv[2] = "security"

if sys.argv[2]=="security" or sys.argv[2]=="updates" or sys.argv[2]=="proposed" or sys.argv[2]=="backports":
    for u in sorted(sources.keys()):
        if sources[u]["mirror"] and sources[u]["active"]:
            if sys.argv[1]=="disable":
                if len(sources[u]["deb"])+len(sources[u]["deb-src"])>(release+"-"+sys.argv[2] in sources[u]["deb"])+(release+"-"+sys.argv[2] in sources[u]["deb-src"]):
                    if release+"-"+sys.argv[2] in sources[u]["deb"]:
                        del sources[u]["deb"][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]]
                    if release+"-"+sys.argv[2] in sources[u]["deb-src"]:
                        del sources[u]["deb-src"][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]]
                else:
                    sources[u]["active"] = False
            elif sys.argv[1]=="enable":
                for t in ["deb","deb-src"]:
                    if release in sources[u][t]:
                        if release+"-"+sys.argv[2] not in sources[u][t]:
                            sources[u][t][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]]=sources[u][t][release]
                        else:
                            for c in sources[u][t][release]:
                                if c not in sources[u][t][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]]:
                                    sources[u][t][release+"-"+sys.argv[2]].append(c)

## generate the new list
data_out=""
for u in sorted(sources.keys()):
    #print(u)
    for t in ["deb","deb-src"]:
        for d in sorted(sources[u][t].keys()):
            data_out += (not sources[u]["active"])*"#"+" ".join([t,u,d,""])+" ".join(sorted(sources[u][t][d]))+"\n"

if len(sys.argv)>=4 or not os.access("/etc/apt/sources.list", os.W_OK):
    print(data_out)
else:
    with open("/etc/apt/sources.list","w") as f:
        f.write(data_out)
    f.close()

sys.exit(0)

— user.dz
fonte

#fallback per il componente predefinito da copiare da comp = [release + "- security", release + "- update", release + "- proposti"] found_other_comp = Falso sopra, "-restricted"?

— xiaodongjie,

Penso che se aggiungi alcune righe per l'uso, sembrerà migliore.

— xiaodongjie

1

Penso che se ifile non esiste, basta uscire da un codice di errore ed uscire.

— xiaodongjie,

1

oh sì, giusto. non limitato, ma "-portport"

— xiaodongjie

1

Credo, diverse versioni di Ubuntu per diversi repository, rispetto per ogni versione non implementata =)

— AB

6

Puoi farlo in un modo molto semplice usando add-apt-repository.

Ad esempio, puoi aggiungere proposedper

sudo add-apt-repository "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -sc)-proposed restricted universe multiverse main"

Aggiungerà debe deb-srcrighe a /etc/apt/sources.list. Ma la linea di origine verrà commentata.

Se si esegue add-apt-repositorycon il -sparametro, non verrà commentato deb-src.

Puoi abilitare securityentro

sudo add-apt-repository "http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -sc)-security restricted universe multiverse main"

— Pilot6
fonte

Sì, potrei farlo in questo modo. Ma avrei bisogno dei repository e di un server e non semplicemente di un add securityo add proposed.

— AB

2

@AB Non è chiaro cosa vuoi. Hai bisogno di un comando più semplice o cosa? Questo comando fa esattamente quello che fai nella GUI.

— Pilota 6

1

Come descritto nella domanda: "Sto cercando un modo semplice per farlo dall'interno di un terminale usando comandi come ... Forse qualcosa del tipo: sudo apt-add-update security"

— AB

E cosa c'è di sbagliato in questo comando? Che è lungo? È possibile aggiornare da sudo apt-get update. Ed è abbastanza facile abbreviare il comando.

— Pilota 6

1

Sì, sudo add-apt-repository "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed restricted universe multiverse main"è troppo lungo per sostenere gli altri popoli. Ho dovuto recuperare i repository esistenti in precedenza e il server utilizzato.

— AB