non sono mai stato in grado di visualizzare i simboli unicode sul mio terminale. per esempio, prima di avere il mio attuale sistema operativo, ho mappato ctrl + a sul greco mu in vim, e funziona su altri computer, ma non sul mio attuale xterm. ecco la sezione pertinente del mio .vimrc:
set encoding=utf-8
"map control-a to mu
imap <C-a> <C-k>m*
inoltre, devo generare equazioni sympy in Python, e questo funziona su altri computer, ma non sul mio xterm attuale. Invece di questo:
$ python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Mar 14 2014, 11:57:14)
[GCC 4.7.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sympy
>>> x = sympy.symbols('x')
>>> sympy.init_printing()
>>> (sympy.sqrt(x**3/(x+1)), 1)
⎛ _______ ⎞
⎜ ╱ 3 ⎟
⎜ ╱ x ⎟
⎜ ╱ ───── , 1⎟
⎝╲╱ x + 1 ⎠
ottengo questo:
>>> (sympy.sqrt(x**3/(x+1)), 1)
n ------- n
n n 3 n
n n x n
n n ───── , 1n
nnnn x + 1 n
infatti sembra solo usare il npersonaggio ogni volta che non è in grado di visualizzare un personaggio unicode.
sto eseguendo xterm da un ~/.xinitrcfile e impostando alcuni caratteri e colori per il terminale ~/.Xresources. ecco tutte le informazioni rilevanti che mi vengono in mente:
$ uname -a
Linux mypcname 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.60-1+deb7u3 x86_64 GNU/Linux
$ xterm -version
XTerm(278)
$ cat ~/.xinitrc
#!/bin/bash
#update the xterm colors, font size, etc
[[ -f ~/.Xresources ]] && xrdb -merge ~/.Xresources
# run the window manager in the background first
metacity &
# get the window manager process id
wm_pid=$!
# wait a little while for the window manager to load (extend this if the xterm is not being properly maximised)
sleep 2
# run the xterm in fullscreen
#xterm +u8 -js -fullscreen &
xterm -en en_AU.UTF-8 -js -fullscreen &
# do not let the window manager become a zombie
wait $wm_pid
# this would run xterm first, then the window manager. doesn't maximise properly the first time startx is run
#xterm -fullscreen &
#exec mutter
$ cat ~/.Xresources
! see man xterm under the resources heading for explanations
! run `xrdb -merge ~/.Xresources` after altering this file
! run `xrdb -query -all` to see the current settings
xterm.vt100.faceName: Terminus
xterm.vt100.faceSize: 14
! do not display bold fonts in bold
xterm.vt100.AllowBoldFonts: false
! display bold fonts in a different color to make them stand out
xterm.vt100.colorBDMode: true
! use green as the bold color (same as in ~/.bashrc)
xterm.vt100.colorBD: #98E34D
! cols x lines ... update with values from $(echo $COLUMNS) and $(echo $LINES)
xterm.vt100.geometry: 126x52
! dark green foreground (same as in ~/.bashrc)
*foreground: #4E9A06
! black background
*background: #000000
! scroll quickly
xterm*fastScroll: true
! enable utf-8 encoding
xterm*locale: true
xterm*utf8: 1
! flash the current line instead of making the bell sound
*visualBell: true
*visualBellLine: true
! black
*color0: #2E3436
! darkred
*color1: #CC0000
! dark green
*color2: #4E9A06
! brown
*color3: #C4A000
! darkblue
*color4: #3465A4
! darkmagenta
*color5: #75507B
! darkcyan
*color6: #06989A
! lightgrey
*color7: #D3D7CF
! darkgrey
*color8: #555753
! red
*color9: #EF2929
! green
*colorA: #8AE234
! yellow
*colorB: #FCE94F
! blue
*colorC: #729FCF
! magenta
*colorD: #AD7FA8
! cyan
*colorE: #34E2E2
! white
*colorF: #EEEEEC
$ tail -10 .bashrc
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/sbin
export LC_ALL=en_AU.UTF-8
export LANG=en_AU.UTF-8
export LANGUAGE=en_AU.UTF-8
# final logon actions:
# go straight to x on login. only do this for tty1 so that we can still use the other tty consoles without starting x. also only do this when there is not already a display, otherwise the xterm will try and do this after x starts aswell
[[ -z $DISPLAY ]] && [[ $(tty) = /dev/tty1 ]] && startx
$ locale
LANG=en_AU.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=en_AU.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_AU.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=en_AU.UTF-8
$ printenv XTERM_LOCALE
en_AU.UTF-8
$ xrdb -query -all
*background: #000000
*color0: #2E3436
*color1: #CC0000
*color2: #4E9A06
*color3: #C4A000
*color4: #3465A4
*color5: #75507B
*color6: #06989A
*color7: #D3D7CF
*color8: #555753
*color9: #EF2929
*colorA: #8AE234
*colorB: #FCE94F
*colorC: #729FCF
*colorD: #AD7FA8
*colorE: #34E2E2
*colorF: #EEEEEC
*foreground: #4E9A06
*visualBell: true
*visualBellLine: true
xterm*fastScroll: true
xterm*locale: true
xterm*utf8: 1
xterm.vt100.AllowBoldFonts: false
xterm.vt100.colorBD: #98E34D
xterm.vt100.colorBDMode: true
xterm.vt100.faceName: Terminus
xterm.vt100.faceSize: 14
xterm.vt100.geometry: 126x52
come posso far funzionare utf-8 per visualizzare i simboli greci in vim e le equazioni in sympy?
informazioni aggiuntive richieste
$ echo $TERM
xterm
$ appres XTerm
*form.Thickness: 0
*tekMenu*tekreset*Label: RESET
*tekMenu*tektext2*Label: #2 Size Characters
*tekMenu*tekhide*Label: Hide Tek Window
*tekMenu*tekcopy*Label: COPY
*tekMenu*tektext3*Label: #3 Size Characters
*tekMenu*vtshow*Label: Show VT Window
*tekMenu*tektextsmall*Label: Small Characters
*tekMenu*vtmode*Label: Switch to VT Mode
*tekMenu*tektextlarge*Label: Large Characters
*tekMenu*tekpage*Label: PAGE
*tekMenu.Label: Tek Options
*mainMenu*redraw*Label: Redraw Window
*mainMenu*sunKeyboard*Label: VT220 Keyboard
*mainMenu*terminate*Label: Send TERM Signal
*mainMenu*backarrow key*Label: Backarrow Key (BS/DEL)
*mainMenu*logging*Label: Log to File
*mainMenu*hpFunctionKeys*Label: HP Function-Keys
*mainMenu*kill*Label: Send KILL Signal
*mainMenu*num-lock*Label: Alt/NumLock Modifiers
*mainMenu*print-immediate*Label: Print-All Immediately
*mainMenu*scoFunctionKeys*Label: SCO Function-Keys
*mainMenu*quit*Label: Quit
*mainMenu*alt-esc*Label: Alt Sends Escape
*mainMenu*print-on-error*Label: Print-All on Error
*mainMenu*tcapFunctionKeys*Label: Termcap Function-Keys
*mainMenu*meta-esc*Label: Meta Sends Escape
*mainMenu*toolbar*Label: Toolbar
*mainMenu*print*Label: Print Window
*mainMenu*suspend*Label: Send STOP Signal
*mainMenu*delete-is-del*Label: Delete is DEL
*mainMenu*print-redir*Label: Redirect to Printer
*mainMenu*fullscreen*Label: Full Screen
*mainMenu*continue*Label: Send CONT Signal
*mainMenu*oldFunctionKeys*Label: Old Function-Keys
*mainMenu*securekbd*Label: Secure Keyboard
*mainMenu*interrupt*Label: Send INT Signal
*mainMenu*8-bit control*Label: 8-Bit Controls
*mainMenu*allowsends*Label: Allow SendEvents
*mainMenu*sunFunctionKeys*Label: Sun Function-Keys
*mainMenu*hangup*Label: Send HUP Signal
*mainMenu.Label: Main Options
*VT100.utf8Fonts.font4: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-120-75-75-c-80-iso10646-1
*VT100.utf8Fonts.font2: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--8-80-75-75-c-50-iso10646-1
*VT100.utf8Fonts.font6: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--20-200-75-75-c-100-iso10646-1
*VT100.utf8Fonts.font5: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--18-120-100-100-c-90-iso10646-1
*VT100.utf8Fonts.font3: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-130-75-75-c-70-iso10646-1
*VT100.utf8Fonts.font: -misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso10646-1
*VT100.font4: 7x13
*VT100.font2: 5x7
*VT100.font6: 10x20
*VT100.font5: 9x15
*VT100.font3: 6x10
*VT100.font1: nil2
*vtMenu*selectToClipboard*Label: Select to Clipboard
*vtMenu*reversewrap*Label: Enable Reverse Wraparound
*vtMenu*softreset*Label: Do Soft Reset
*vtMenu*cursesemul*Label: Enable Curses Emulation
*vtMenu*autolinefeed*Label: Enable Auto Linefeed
*vtMenu*hardreset*Label: Do Full Reset
*vtMenu*visualbell*Label: Enable Visual Bell
*vtMenu*appcursor*Label: Enable Application Cursor Keys
*vtMenu*clearsavedlines*Label: Reset and Clear Saved Lines
*vtMenu*bellIsUrgent*Label: Enable Bell Urgency
*vtMenu*appkeypad*Label: Enable Application Keypad
*vtMenu*tekshow*Label: Show Tek Window
*vtMenu*poponbell*Label: Enable Pop on Bell
*vtMenu*scrollbar*Label: Enable Scrollbar
*vtMenu*scrollkey*Label: Scroll to Bottom on Key Press
*vtMenu*tekmode*Label: Switch to Tek Mode
*vtMenu*scrollttyoutput*Label: Scroll to Bottom on Tty Output
*vtMenu*jumpscroll*Label: Enable Jump Scroll
*vtMenu*cursorblink*Label: Enable Blinking Cursor
*vtMenu*vthide*Label: Hide VT Window
*vtMenu*allow132*Label: Allow 80/132 Column Switching
*vtMenu*reversevideo*Label: Enable Reverse Video
*vtMenu*titeInhibit*Label: Enable Alternate Screen Switching
*vtMenu*altscreen*Label: Show Alternate Screen
*vtMenu*keepSelection*Label: Keep Selection
*vtMenu*autowrap*Label: Enable Auto Wraparound
*vtMenu*activeicon*Label: Enable Active Icon
*vtMenu.Label: VT Options
*SimpleMenu*menuLabel.font: -adobe-helvetica-bold-r-normal--*-120-*-*-*-*-iso8859-*
*SimpleMenu*menuLabel.vertSpace: 100
*SimpleMenu*Sme.height: 16
*SimpleMenu*BackingStore: NotUseful
*SimpleMenu*HorizontalMargins: 16
*SimpleMenu*Cursor: left_ptr
*SimpleMenu*borderWidth: 2
*menubar.borderWidth: 0
*tek4014*fontLarge: 9x15
*tek4014*font2: 8x13
*tek4014*font3: 6x13
*tek4014*fontSmall: 6x10
*MenuButton*borderWidth: 0
*fontMenu*render-font*Label: TrueType Fonts
*fontMenu*fontdefault*Label: Default
*fontMenu*font6*Label: Huge
*fontMenu*allow-window-ops*Label: Allow Window Ops
*fontMenu*utf8-mode*Label: UTF-8 Encoding
*fontMenu*font1*Label: Unreadable
*fontMenu*fontescape*Label: Escape Sequence
*fontMenu*utf8-fonts*Label: UTF-8 Fonts
*fontMenu*fontsel*Label: Selection
*fontMenu*allow-bold-fonts*Label: Bold Fonts
*fontMenu*utf8-title*Label: UTF-8 Titles
*fontMenu*font-linedrawing*Label: Line-Drawing Characters
*fontMenu*font2*Label: Tiny
*fontMenu*allow-color-ops*Label: Allow Color Ops
*fontMenu*font-doublesize*Label: Doublesized Characters
*fontMenu*font3*Label: Small
*fontMenu*allow-font-ops*Label: Allow Font Ops
*fontMenu*font-loadable*Label: VT220 Soft Fonts
*fontMenu*font4*Label: Medium
*fontMenu*allow-tcap-ops*Label: Allow Termcap Ops
*fontMenu*font-packed*Label: Packed Font
*fontMenu*font5*Label: Large
*fontMenu*allow-title-ops*Label: Allow Title Ops
*fontMenu.Label: VT Fonts
*colorD: #AD7FA8
*color5: #75507B
*backarrowKeyIsErase: true
*colorE: #34E2E2
*color6: #06989A
*ptyInitialErase: true
*colorF: #EEEEEC
*background: #000000
*color7: #D3D7CF
*saveLines: 1024
*color8: #555753
*color0: #2E3436
*foreground: #4E9A06
*IconFont: nil2
*color9: #EF2929
*color1: #CC0000
*visualBell: true
*colorA: #8AE234
*color2: #4E9A06
*visualBellLine: true
*colorB: #FCE94F
*color3: #C4A000
*colorC: #729FCF
*color4: #3465A4
$ xterm -u8 -fa "DejaVu Sans Mono"
# the following is typed in the resulting terminal:
$ echo -e "\xE2\x98\xA0"
n
# however when i copy the result from `echo -e "\xE2\x98\xA0"`
# into my browser, i get this: ☠ (a skull) but it does not show
# up as a skull in my xterm
$ lsof -p $PPID | grep fonts
xterm 5990 me mem REG 254,1 4971 13501810 /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc/ter-u18b_iso-8859-1.pcf.gz
xterm 5990 me mem REG 254,1 4897 13505403 /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc/ter-u18n_iso-8859-1.pcf.gz
ho anche eseguito $ fc-listma l'output era troppo grande per incollare in questa domanda. quindi l'ho messo qui
cosa mostra nel mio browser:
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/freefont/FreeSansBold.ttf: FreeSans:style=Bold,получерен,negreta,tučné,fed,Fett,Έντονα,Negrita,Lihavoitu,Gras,Félkövér,Grassetto,Vet,Halvfet,Pogrubiony,Negrito,gros,Полужирный,Fet,Kalın,huruf tebal,жирний,Krepko,treknraksts,pusjuodis,đậm,Lodia,धृष्ट
quello che vedo nel mio terminale:
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/freefont/FreeSansBold.ttf: FreeSans:style=Bold,nnnnnnnnn,negreta,tunné,fed,Fett,nnnnnn,Negrita,Lihavoitu,Gras,Félkövér,Grassetto,Vet,Halvfet,Pogrubiony,Negrito,gros,nnnnnnnnnn,Fet,Kalın,huruf tebal,nnnnnn,Krepko,treknraksts,pusjuodis,nậm,Lodia,nnn
è interessante notare che alcuni personaggi "speciali" si presentano nel mio terminale, ma la maggior parte sono rintracciati da n. si può vedere nell'output precedente che nessuno получеренpuò essere visualizzato, ma il carattere finale di tučnépuò essere visualizzato (mentre il centro čnon può - è sostituito da n)
secondo i commenti di @apaul sembra che xterm non stia caricando il carattere giusto. prova a impostare una classe fittizia in modo che non carichi le risorse xterm:
$ xterm -class Foo -name foo -u8 -fa "DejaVu Sans Mono:style=Book"
$ # the following commands are all executed in the resulting terminal:
$ echo -e "\xE2\x98\xA0"
☠
$ # the above skull actually shows up now. and so does the unicode
$ # output from sympy and also vi can display greek symbols now :)
non resta che capire perché xterm non può impostare il font usando ~/.Xresourecese farlo funzionare. sembra che qualcosa debba sovrascrivere le impostazioni del carattere?
in realtà ho pensato di provare sopra il comando con il carattere terminus e sembra che questo sia il problema:
$ xterm -class Foo -name foo -u8 -fa "Terminus"
$ # the following commands are all executed in the resulting terminal:
$ echo -e "\xE2\x98\xA0"
n
forse il capolinea non è installato correttamente? o viene mappato a qualcos'altro. come ho potuto scoprirlo?
2
xterm non supporta l'UTF-8 completo (AFAIK), prova a eseguire uxterm, ma consiglierei di provare un terminale diverso come urxvt, termite o st
—
zer0rest,
rxvt-unicode funziona :)
—
mulllhausen,
@mulllhausen Confermo che dovrebbe funzionare. Uso xterm da anni e posso visualizzare qualsiasi cosa a seconda del carattere. Terminus è in grado di visualizzare il tuo esempio. Sto usando
—
apaul
-fa "DejaVu Sans Mono:size=11:antialias=true"Tuttavia, non capisco le tue -jse le -fullscreenopzioni. La mia versione di xterm non li capisce. Le mie xterm -versionuscite X.Org 6.8.99.903(253).
@mulllhausen Ok, dato che copy'n'paste funziona, significa che xterm può gestire unicode. Potrebbe essere un problema con i caratteri. Sei sicuro che xterm stia usando "DejaVu Sans Mono"? Puoi controllarlo se corri nel tuo xterm
—
apaul
lsof -p $PPID | grep fontse controllare l'elenco dei caratteri che potrebbero essere visti da xterm con fc-list.
@mulllhausen Thx. Come puoi vedere, per qualche motivo, xterm non carica il carattere giusto. Carica un iso-8859-1 (che contiene "é", ecco perché puoi vederlo). Onestamente, non so perché. Sai correre
—
apaul
xterm -class Foo -name foo -u8 -fa "DejaVu Sans Mono:style=Book"? (qui abbiamo impostato una classe e un nome fittizio in modo da non caricare i XTerm*risorse.)
